The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between Calvin and Anabaptist radicals in the sixteenth century This study first traces the relations of Calvin and Anabaptists from historical perspective, and then examines from theological perspective Schleitheim Confession(1527), which is an early Anabaptists’ articles of faith, and Calvin’s Brief Instruction Against the Errors of the Common Sect of the Anabaptists(1544), which is Calvin’s refutation against Schleitheim Confession.
In the sixteenth-century reformation movements, Calvin on the one hand should fight against Roman Catholicism, and on the other hand have to stand against Anabaptist radicals. Calvin cries for reform against Roman Church’s ecclesia deformata, at the same time he raises his voice against Anabaptist’s sectarian errors pursuing ecclesia perfecta. This study discloses what Calvin and Anabaptists argue, and what theological points of dispute between them are. In particular, it analyzes their differences from three significant topics, baptism, church, and state.

• 박경수(장로회신학대학교, 교회사) | Park, Gyeung Su