Research on Mountain Place Name Characters of the “Shuo wen jie zi”
《설문》산부지명자구형탐론
This paper studies the mountain place name characters of the "Shuo wen jie zi", including eleven ancient Chinese characters: "Nao(峱), Yi(嶧), Yu(嵎), Yi(嶷), Min( ), Ji( ), Jie(巀), Xue(嶭), Hua(華), Guo(崞), Yang(崵)". Those characters are all from the same radical of the "San"—mean about mountain on "Shuo wen jie zi", and neighbor in the "San" radical. Mountain place name characters in "Shuo wen jie zi", the character structure all added a radical "San", making it become a synthetic character. However, ancient Chinese geographical literature, the mountain place name not necessarily have the radical "San". Therefore, this paper will focus on the mountain place name characters of the "Shuo wen jie zi", research on structural principle related and the use cases on ancient literatures.
《說文解字》收有大量的地理材料,例如城邑之名、河流之名、山阜之名等,大部份多集中 於特定的部首裡,以“方名繁文”的形式,在地名字加上特定偏旁以表達其特定的用例,如加上邑 旁的城邑名、加上水旁的河流名,以及本文所探論的加上山旁用為山名者。《說文》山部自“獄” 至“崵”,計13個專字,釋義均為山之專名,其餘諸字則為山之通名,除了“嶽”、“岱”之外, 其餘山名卻罕見用於文獻材料裡。而大部份的山名,字形都不从山字旁。考察小篆以前的甲骨文 字,則有15例从山偏旁的地名,其中、等字亦兼用為自然神名。這種現象到了《說文》卻不 復見,顯見「方名繁文例」在山岳專名用字並未成為一套通行的貫例。因此本文從《說文》山名文 字為考察重點,再由此探析上古文字山名字的演變脈絡。