Cold, salt and heat are the most critical factors that restrict full genetic potential, growth and development of crops globally. However, clarification of genes expression and regulation is a fundamental approach to understanding the adaptive response of plants under unfavorable environments. In this study, we applied an annealing control primer (ACP) based on the GeneFishing approach to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Italian ryegrass (cv. Kowinearly) leaves under cold, salt and heat stresses. Two-week-old seedlings were exposed to cold (4°C), salt (NaCl 200 mM) and heat (42°C) treatments for six hours. A total 8 differentially expressed genes were isolated from ryegrass leaves. These genes were sequenced then identified and validated using the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. We identified several promising genes encoding light harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein, alpha-glactosidase b, chromosome 3B, elongation factor 1-alpha, FLbaf106f03, Lolium multiflorum plastid, complete genome, translation initiation factor SUI1, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. These genes were potentially involved in photosynthesis, plant development, protein synthesis and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. However, this study provides new insight regarding molecular information about several genes in response to multiple abiotic stresses. Additionally, these genes may be useful for enhancement of abiotic stress tolerance in fodder crops as well a crop improvement under unfavorable environmental conditions.

ABSTRACT
 Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION
 Ⅱ. MATERIALS AND METHODS
  1. Plant materials, growth conditions and application of abiotic stresses
  2. Isolation of total RNA and cDNA synthesis
  3. GeneFishing by annealing control primer (ACP)-based approach
  4. Cloning and identification of DEGs
 Ⅲ. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
 Ⅳ. CONCLUSION
 Ⅴ. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
 Ⅵ. REFERENCES

• Sang-Hoon Lee(Animal Genetic Resources Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
• Kwan-Woo Kim(Animal Genetic Resources Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
• Md. Atikur Rahman(Grassland & Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
• Jin-Wook Lee(Animal Genetic Resources Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
• Hee Chung Ji(Grassland & Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
• Gi Jun Choi(Grassland & Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
• Yowook Song(Grassland & Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
• Ki-Won Lee(Grassland & Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) Corresponding author