Purpose: Because of the limited number of athletes, the drop-out rate of young gymnasts imposes significant threat to Korean gymnastics which have been quite successful at the international level. To avoid discontinuances in athletes’ carriers and to maintain such successes, this study aimed to identify the factors influencing the level of adherence. Especially, in addition to the the previously reported effects of gymnasts’ ego-resilience on exercise adherence, the mediating effect of self-management was tested. Methods: One hundred twenty six gymnasts were collected with purposive/non-probability sampling who register in Korean Olympic Committee (KOC). Frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, structure equation modeling analysis were performed with SPSS 18.0, AMOS 18.0 and Excel 2010 programs, and significance of mediated effect was verified with bootstrapping. Results: The ego-resilience of gymnasts has positive relation with exercise adherence, and self-management fully mediates the relation between ego-resilience and exercise adherence.