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Background : Chrysanthemi Indici Flos (甘菊) is listed in 「The Korea Herbal Pharmacopoeia (KHP)」as the original plant of Chrysanthemum indicum L. C. indicum was one of the most representative medicinal plants in Asteraceae, Dried flowers of this plant have been valid chemical composition such as flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, terpenoids, and polysaccharides, possessing broad spectrum antibacterial, antiviral, antihypertensive and anti-oxidation functions. Meanwhile, C. indicum was a polymorphic species, its morphological characteristics showed great diversity due to the different geographical and environmental factors. For this reason, there was conducted to develop molecular markers to distinguishing these C. indicum with C. morifolium, C. zawadskii var. latilobum and Aster spathulifolius by using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Methods and Results : In this study, In order to clearly identify origin of Chrysanthemi Indici Flos, these samples (C. indicum, C. morifolium, C. zawadskii var. latilobum and A. spathulifolius) were analyzed from five barcoding regions of chloroplast DNA (rbcL, matK, rpoB, atpF-atpH) and nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS2) to evaluate the ability of discrimination for each barcoding region. Based on genetic distance, the percent of variable sites were provided the highest ITS2 value (56.9%), followed by atpF-atpH (48.18%), matK (27.2%), psbK (8.2%), and rbcL (2.9%). Comparative analysis based on the complete genome sequence of the petL-petG region INDEL (insertion/deletion) that the gene annotations were registered to the GenBank (accession number: JN-867592.1, NC-020092.1, MF-034027.1, NF-279514.1).
Conclusion : From the above results, we may suggest that the petL-petG region INDEL analysis were conducted for molecular authentication of four plants (C. indicum, C. morifolium, C. zawadskii var. latilobum and A. spathulifolius). The findings of results indicated that petL-petG region might be established INDEL analysis systems and hence were proved to be an effective tools for molecular evaluation and comparison of “Chrysanthemi Indici Flos” with other plants.
