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pp.293-298
The toxicity values of various heavy metals were evaluated by acute immobilization and chronic reproduction impairment tests, using Daphnia magna. Acute tests were evaluated by the inhibition of their mobilization after 24hrs without food addition. The tests of reproductive impairment were investigated for 21 days by food addition and exchange of water. The effect of each concentration was assessed by Probit analysis and t-test.
The results obtained from this study were as follows : 1) The change of pH and DO was not significant in the acute tests, while, in the reproductive tests, pH was increased by 0.3∼1.4 and DO also increased. 2) The EiG50 values of immobilization to Daphnia magna in artificial fresh water were 0.030㎎/ℓ(Cu), 0.054㎎/ℓ(Cd), 0.12㎎/ℓ(Cr), 0.74㎎/ℓ(Pb), 3.4㎎/ℓ(As) and the NOEiC values were 0.010㎎/ℓ(Cu), 0.018㎎/ℓ(Cd), 0.010㎎/ℓ(Cr), 0.10㎎/ℓ(Pb), and 1.8㎎/ℓ(As). 3) The EiC50 values of reproductive impairment to Daphnia magna were 13.8㎍/ℓ(Cu), 2.9㎍/ℓ(Cd), 15.5㎍/ℓ(Cr), 61.7㎍/ℓ(Pb), 759㎍/ℓ(As), and NOErC values were 0.95㎍/ℓ(Cu), 0.54㎍/ℓ(Cd), 1.2㎍/ℓ(Cd), 7.4㎍/ℓ(Pb), 110㎍/ℓ(As).
The results of tests using OECD artificial culture water were more sensitive than natural water for culturing. The presented data show that an artificial culture water is suitable in the experiment of bioassay for assessing the toxicity of materials.
