This study was performed to determine the effects of soil and building materials on indoor radon concentration. Short-term measurements were made in the underground soil of a building along with the radon emanation rates from the phosphogypsum board used as the interior wall. The radon measurements in the soil were 9,213 Bq/m3 in the B3 level, and 3,765 Bq/m3 in the B4 level. Soil radon concentration in the B4 level was 2.4 times higher than in the B3 level. Indoor radon measurements in 50 different locations in the underground of the building, averaged from 144.3 Bq/m3 (B1), 177.0 Bq/m3 (B2), and 189.2 Bq/m3 (B3) to a high of 210.1 Bq/m3 (B4). Indoor radon concentration was increased from the lower level to the upper level. The radon emanation rates from phosphogypsum were 4,234.1 mBq/m2/h and, 450.4 mBq/kg/h. The measurement results indicated that the phosphogypsum board used as building materials as well as the soil could affect the indoor radon concentration.