Due to a mistranslation of Sanskrit to Chinese, East Asian Buddhist community misunderstands the original meaning of the fundamental word, ‘sachal(寺刹)’. Sanskrit chattra, a parasol on top of a venerated Indian stupa buried with Buddha’s sarira, became the symbol of majesty. The Indian stupa was transformed into a pagoda in China, and the highlighted parasol on the summit was transliterated into chaldara(刹多羅), an abbreviation for chal (刹), and finally designated the whole pagoda(塔). Sachal consists with lying low monastery and high-rise pagoda. Tapsa(塔寺), an archaic word of temple, is exactly the same as sachal, because chal means tap, pagoda. However, during the 7th century a Buddhist monk erroneously double-transliterated the Sanskrit ‘kshetra,’ meaning of land, into the same word as chal, even despite phonetic disaccord. Thereafter, sutra translators followed and copied the error for long centuries. It was the Japanese pioneer scholars that worsen the situation 100 years ago, to publish Sanskrit dictionaries with the errors insisting on phonetic transliteration, though pronunciation of ‘kshe-’ which is quite different from ‘cha-.’ Thereafter, upcoming scholars followed their fallacy without any verification. Fallacy of chal, meaning of land, dominates Buddhist community broadly, falling into conviction of collective fixed dogma in East Asia up to now. In the Buddhist community, it is the most important matter to recognize that the same language has become to refer completely different objects due to translation errors. As a research method, searching for corresponding Sanskrit words in translated sutras and dictionaries of Buddhism is predominant. Then, after analyzing the authenticity, the fallacy toward the truth will be corrected.

Abstract
1. 서 론
2. 양산 차트라(Chattra)의 음역어 찰다라(刹多羅) 찰(刹) 성립
    2-1. 양산 차트라 ‘찰(刹)’의 어원
    2-2. 인도탑 스투파 꼭대기의 양산 차트라
    2-3. 인도 스투파의 중국 탑으로의 전파 변환 과
    2-4. 절의 고어 탑사(塔寺).
    2-5. 양산 찰(刹)을 바퀴 륜(輪)으로 오역
3. 불교계 통용 크쉐트라(kshetra)의 음사어 주장찰(刹)의 검토
    3-1. 찰다라가 크쉐트라의 음사어(音寫語)라는 주장과 양산 차트라의 말살
    3-2. ‘찰(刹)’을 땅 Kshetra와 양산 Chattra로 이중등재하는 몰지각언어는 대상을 나타내
    3-3. 오류 번역이 지배종으로 행세
    3-4. ‘찰’ 용어 오류의 혼란 파생- 찰간, 찰간지주,표찰
4. 논 의
5. 결 론
참고문헌

• 이희봉(中央大명예교수, 건축학부) | Lee, Hee-Bong Corresponding author