This study progressed an investigation on the cause of the efflorescence phenomenon of bricks in Suwon Hwaseong Fortress, which is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage by using diverse scientific analyses. The samples were taken in Hwaseong and analyzed using XRD and SEM-EDS for the material identification of efflorescence. We observed under a polarizing microscope and measured absorption factors for the basic investigation for traditional bricks. As a result of material identification, soluble salt(Na2SO4, KNO3) and insoluble salt(CaCO3) were detected. There was no big difference between original bricks and repaired bricks under the polarizing microscope. However, in terms of the water absorption rate, bricks which were used for repair nowadays showed low water absorption rate(1%). In conclusion, soluble salt and insoluble salt appeared due to an effect of an air pollution and joint mortar. Soluble salt was removed in the rainy season, but insoluble salt was not removed. As a result of the efficiency and safety tests for chemicals removing efflorescence, chemical E is likely to be the suitable chemicals for the efflorescence phenomenon of traditional bricks in Suwon Hwaseong Fortress. In the future, consideration whether the use of lime is available or not should be studied through comprehensive researches including repair work, construction work and the environment factor with lime. Also, physical, chemical identifications of repairing bricks will be required.

Abstract
1. 서 론
2. 연구방법
    2-1. 흡수율 측정
    2-2. 편광현미경 관찰
    2-3. 현장조사 및 시료 채취
    2-4. 에너지분산형 X선 분석(EDS)
    2-5. X선 회절 분석
3. 분석결과
    3-1. 흡수율 측정 결과
    3-2. 편광현미경 관찰 결과
    3-3. 현장조사 결과
    3-4. EDS 분석 결과
    3-5. XRD 분석 결과
4. 백화현상 제거 방안 및 대책
    4-1. 제거약품의 안정성 평가
    4-2. 백화물질 세척 결과
    4-3. 백화현상 제어 및 예방 대책
5. 고 찰
6. 결 론
References

• 정광용(한국전통문화대학교 보존과학과 부교수) | Chung Kwang-Yong Corresponding author
• 차현석(한국전통문화대학교 보존과학연구소 연구원) | Cha Hyun-Seok