Volcanic seawater has been naturally filtered and purified by volcanic rock layers. It contains abundant minerals such as calcium, magnesium, and iron. This study investigated the genotoxicity of calcium from Jeju lava seawater (CJLS). We performed bacterial reverse mutation assay, chromosomal aberration assay, and mammalian micronucleus test at up to 5,000 g/plate concentrations with or without metabolic activation to determine the CJLS genetic toxicity. None of these tests showed any mutagenic potential. The bacterial reverse mutation assay showed that the CJLS did not induce mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA with or without metabolic activation of the S9 mixture. The oral administration of CJLS also did not significantly increase the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes or the mean ratio of polychromatic to total erythrocytes. Additionally, CJLS did not cause a significant chromosomal aberration in CHL cells in the presence or absence of S9 activation. Therefore, CJLS could be considered as a reliable and safe functional food ingredient.

Introduction
Materials and Methods
    Sample preparation
    Experiments
    Bacterial reverse mutation assay
    Chromosomal aberration assay
    Mammalian micronucleus test
    Statistical analysis
Results and Discussion
    Bacterial reverse mutation assay
    Chromosomal aberration assay
    Mammalian micronucleus test
Conflict of Interest
Funding

• Yeong Eun Kim(R&D Team, Orion Jeju Yongamsoo)
• Hee Jung Park(Department of Foodservice Management and Nutrition, Sangmyung University) Corresponding author