Introduction of Foreign Tastes, Enjoyment of the Familiarized : Focusing on Confectionery of South Korea and Taiwan during the Japanese Colonial Period
본고는 설탕을 필수 재료로 하는 오늘날의 ‘과자’가 일제 강점의 역사를 공유하고 있는 한국과 타이완에서 어떻게 전파·대중화되었는지 살펴보고자 한다. 한국의 경우, 근대 이전 설탕을 식재료로 사용하지 않은 역사에도 불구하고 강렬한 단맛에 즉각 반응하기보다 조선인에게 익숙했던 얼음과 결합한 아이스케키가 출시된 이후에야 설 탕맛에 익숙해졌다. 와카시의 일종인 연양갱의 대중화 역시 재래부터 먹어온 우무묵 이 있었기에 향유될 수 있었다. 반면, 청말부터 설탕을 생산·향유해온 타이완의 경우, 현대식 과자 자체보다 신제품을 홍보하고 더 많이 팔기 위해 과자 상인들이 운영을 겸했던 ‘킷사텐’이 거꾸로 식민 모국인 일본 사회에 큰 영향을 끼쳤다. 덕분에 일본 은 여급을 두는 퇴폐적인 ‘카페에(カフェ―)’에서 벗어나 일본 지식인들이 꿈꾸던 프 랑스식 문화살롱을 실천할 수 있었고, 음료값을 지불할 수 있다면 누구든지 바쁜 일 상 중 가벼운 마음으로 잠깐 들러 휴식을 취하는 현재의 ‘카페(café)’ 형태로 발전하 게 되었다.
This study is to examine how confectionary of today in which sugar is an essential ingredient has been spread and gained popularity in Korea and Taiwan, which shared a history of Japanese colonization. In Korea, despite its history of not using sugar till the modern era, there was not an immediate reaction to intense sweetness of sugar and it became familiarized only after the release of ice pops, made of sugar and ice which was not new. The sweet jelly of red beans, one kind of wakashi, also could not have been so popular if the jelly made from agar had not been consumed for a long period. On the other hand, in case of Taiwan which have produced and consumed sugar since the late Qing Dynasty, ever since the cultivation of bananas for a commercial purpose in the Japanese colonial era, it contributed to the development of confectionary skills and techniques of Japan. Moreover, the ‘Taiwan-style tea house’, operated by confectionary merchants to promote their products rather than the confectionary itself, had a significant influence over the society of Japan. Due to these influences, French-style cultural salons, dreamed by intellectuals of Japan, could take in place of ‘Japan-style Gran caffe(カフェ―)’, employed female waitresses who were quasi-love objects and they were developed into ‘café’ of today where anyone can make a quick stop and enjoy a sip of drink and rest if she/he can afford. This proves that even in the colonial period, the cultural flow does not work only in one direction from a colonizer to a colony and could work in both directions.