The seismic performance of lead-rubber bearings (LRBs) is significantly affected by both the axial force and loading rate they experience. Accurate assessment of LRBs’ seismic performance, therefore, requires realistic simulation of these forces and rates, as well as of the response of the isolated structure during seismic events. This study conducted a series of real-time hybrid simulations (RTHS) to evaluate the seismic behavior of LRBs in such conditions. The simulations focused on a two-span continuous bridge isolated by LRBs atop the central pier, exposed to horizontal and vertical ground motions. In the RTHS framework, the LRBs were physically tested in the laboratory, while the remainder of the bridge was numerically modeled. Findings from these simulations indicated that the vertical ground motion had a minimal effect on the lateral response of the bridge when isolated by LRBs.

A B S T R A C T
1. 서 론
2. 하이브리드 실험 방법
    2.1 실험 대상 구조물 및 실험체
    2.2 실시간 하이브리드 실험
    2.3 입력 지반운동
    2.4 실험 변수
3. 실험 결과 및 분석
4. 결 론
감사의 글
REFERENCES

• 박자민(명지대학교 토목환경공학과 조교수) | Park Jamin (Assistant Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University)
• 박민석(명지대학교 하이브리드 구조실험센터 연구교수) | Park Minseok (Research Professor, Hystec, Myongji University)
• 채윤병(서울대학교 건설환경공학부, 서울대학교 건설환경종합연구소 부교수) | Chae Yunbyeong (Associate Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University) Corresponding author
• 김철영(명지대학교 토목환경공학과 교수) | Kim Chul-Young (Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Myongji University)