흑비둘기는 상록수림이 분포하는 해안가 및 도서 등 동아시아-태평양 섬에만 분포하는 희귀한 종으로 생물학적 보존 가치가 높아 국내에서 천연기념물 및 멸종위기야생생물Ⅱ급으로 지정되어 있다. 본 연구는 울릉도에서 서식하는 흑비둘기 3개체를 대상으로 2021년과 2022년 6월에 야생동물 위치추적기(WT-300)를 부착하여 이동경로 및 행동권을 분석하였다. MCP(최소볼록다각형법) 분석에서 행동권 평균 면적은 9.6㎢로 확인되었고, KDE(커널밀도추정법) 는 95%일 때 6.6㎢, 50%일 때 1.8㎢로 나타났다. 개체별 MCP는 각각 BW1 0.4㎢, BW2 27.4㎢, BW3 1.0㎢으로 확인되었며, KDE 95%일 때 BW1 0.2㎢, BW2 19.4㎢, BW3 0.3㎢, KDE 50%일 때 BW1 0.02㎢, BW2 5.4㎢, BW3 0.03㎢로 나타났다. BW2의 행동권이 다른 개체들 보다 넓게 분석되었으며, 이러한 차이는 한정된 지역에 먹이 경쟁 등 서식환경에 따른 차이로 추정된다.
The black-wood pigeon (Columba janthina) is a rare species with significant biological conservation value, primarily found in evergreen forests along coastal areas and islands of the East Asia-Pacific region. In South Korea, it is designated as a Natural Monument and a Class II Endangered Wildlife Species. This study analyzed the movement patterns and home range of three black-wood pigeon in Ulleung Island by attaching Wildlife Trackers (WT-300) in June 2021 and 2022. The MCP (Minimum Convex Polygon Method) analysis revealed an average home range area of 9.6㎢, while the KDE (Kernel Density Estimation) analysis showed areas of 6.6 ㎢ at 95% and 1.8㎢ at 50% probability. The home ranges for individual MCP were determined as follows: BW1 at 0.4㎢, BW2 at 27.4㎢ and BW3 at 1.0㎢. For KDE 95%, the areas were BW1 at 0.2㎢, BW2 at 19.4㎢, and BW3 at 0.3㎢. For KDE 50%, the areas were BW1 at 0.02㎢, BW2 at 5.4㎢, and BW3 at 0.03㎢. The home range of BW2 was analyzed to be significantly larger than that of the other individuals. This discrepancy is presumed to be due to differences in habitat conditions, such as food competition in the limited area.