This study aimed to investigate the vascular flora of Baekunsan Mountain (255.5 m), located on Yeongjongdo Island in Jung-gu, Incheon Metropolitan City, through 14 field surveys conducted between March 2021 and April 2024, along with a re-examination of voucher specimens collected in a previous study. As a result, a total of 478 taxa, comprising 430 species, nine subspecies, and 39 varieties across 289 genera and 96 families, were identified in the area. Of these, 33 taxa were newly confirmed through specimen re-identification. Three endemic taxa native to the Korean Peninsula were documented. Additionally, three taxa listed on the IUCN red list were found; one Near Threatened (NT) and two Least Concern (LC). The survey also recorded 37 floristic target plants, including 10 taxa of grade III, six taxa of grade II, and 21 taxa of grade I. A total of 49 alien plants were identified, with a naturalization rate of 10.3% and an urbanization index of 12.5%, both showing an increase compared to past surveys. This rise is likely due to the continued development and anthropogenic disturbances in the surrounding areas. Six taxa of ecosystem-disturbing plants were found including four newly observed species, such as Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Ambrosia trifida, Aster pilosus, and Lactuca scariola, in addition to previously recorded species, such as Humulus japonicus and Rumex acetosella. Given that the Yeongjongdo Island is a geographically isolated island with limited habitat space and is subject to ongoing development plans, the area is considered highly vulnerable to environmental change. Therefore, the findings of this study are expected to serve as foundational data for monitoring biodiversity trends and formulating strategies for conservation and management of native plant species in Baekunsan Mountain and its surroundings.

Abstract
1. 서 론
2. 재료 및 방법
3. 결과 및 고찰
    3.1. 관속식물의 현황
    3.2. 과거 연구 확증표본 검토
    3.3. 한반도 고유종
    3.4. 지역적색목록
    3.5. 식물구계학적 특정식물
    3.6. 외래식물 및 생태계교란식물
적 요
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Declaration of Competing Interest
REFERENCES
APPENDIX

• 이웅(국립생물자원관 생물소재활용과) | Woong Lee (Biological Resources Utilization Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea)
• 박성애(국립환경과학원 물환경공학연구과) | Sung-Ae Park (Water Environment Engineering Research Division, National Institute of Environment Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea)
• 박완근(강원대학교 산림과학부) | Wan-Geun Park (Division of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea)
• 김중현(한반도야생식물연구소) | Jung-Hyun Kim (Korean Wild Plant Institute, Gimpo 10067, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author