Mediating Effect of Simulation Confidence on the Relationship between Simulation Immersion and Clinical Reasoning among Nursing Students
Purpose: This study investigated the mediating effect of simulation confidence on the relationship between simulation immersion and clinical reasoning among nursing students. Methods: A total of 166 participants who had completed adult nursing courses and participated in simulation training were included. Results: Participants reported high satisfaction with their majors, practicums, and college life. The average immersion score was 3.71 out of 5, indicating a moderately high level of engagement. No significant differences in clinical reasoning were found based on demographic factors; however, satisfaction with one’s major, practicum, and college life showed significant associations with clinical reasoning. Simulation immersion, confidence, and clinical reasoning were all positively correlated. PROCESS Macro Model 4 revealed that both the direct and indirect effects of simulation immersion on clinical reasoning through confidence were statistically significant, even after controlling for satisfaction-related covariates. Conclusion: These findings suggest that simulation immersion is a key factor in enhancing clinical reasoning and is partly mediated by increased confidence. Therefore, simulation-based education should therefore incorporate strategies that promote learner immersion and self-efficacy in order to optimize cognitive learning outcomes.