This paper analyzes the polysemy and subjectivity of the modal verbs ‘能' in Chines and ’할 수 있다‘ in Korean. Though this comparative analysis, we found that polysemy of ‘能' had already completed the semantic change of the possibility/necessity of the modal in the material world and socio-psychological world in particular, and cognitive world in ancient times, and that the Korean ’할 수 있다‘ had completed the semantic change of the possibility/necessity of the modal in the the material world and socio-psychological world in particular, and cognitive world in the 19th century. However, the Chinese modal verb "能" can be used in double negation, while Korean uses a different form, "-리 없다", which is a difference. Based on the definitions and classifications of modality by Lyon, Palmer, van der Auwera & Plungian, it is evident that Chinese and Korean not only share typological commonalities in the evolution of modal meaning, but also possess unique characteristics specific to each language. These differences are particularly evident in the different language families and the different periods in which the two languages emerged and were used.

该文是通过情态动词的类型学意义，对比分析了汉语的“能”和韩语“할 수 있 다”。通过比较获悉汉语“能”的情态动词是在上古时期已从物理世界(dynamic)、社会 心理世界(deontic)、认识世界(epistemic)的能力／意志-许可／义务-推测／演绎的意义 演化而来; 而韩语“할 수 있다”情态标记是在十九世纪末从物理世界、社会心理世界能 力／意志-许可／义务演化而来。汉语和韩语的这两个情态标记都可用于反问句，表示最 强烈的主观性，这是相同之处; 汉语“能”情态动词可用于双重否定，而韩语却出现另一 种形式“-리 없다”，这是不同点。通过Lyon、Palmer、van der Auwera & Plungian对 情态的定义分类为根据，汉韩两种语言不但具有情态义演化的类型学共性，也有各自语言所持有的特点。这种不同点尤其表现在两种语言的语系的不同，出现并使用时期的不同。

【目 录】
【摘要】
1. 引言
2. 情态动词的多义性和主观性
    1) 情态动词的多义性
    2) 情态动词的主观性
3. 汉韩情态动词案例分析
    1) 汉语“能”
    2) 韩语“할 수 있다”
4. 结语
【参考文献】
【论文摘要】

• 李英姬(东义大学人文社会科学院中语中国学系教授) | 이영희