Association between Food Choice Behavior and Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients Aged 50 Years or Older: A Cross-sectional Study using Data from the 2019–2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
This study examined the association between the food choice behavior and blood pressure among hypertensive adults aged 50 years or older and identified subgroup differences by individual characteristics. Data were obtained from the 2019-2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 1,954 hypertensive adults aged 50 years or older were included. The food choice behavior was assessed using nutrition label use in food choice and dietary restriction. Differences in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure were examined using descriptive statistics, univariate analyses, and decision tree analysis. The proportion of nutrition label use in food choice was higher in females than in males. Among the non-smokers aged under 68 years, the systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the nutrition label use group (p<0.05). Among the participants aged 79 years or older, the diastolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the dietary restriction group (p<0.05). Decision tree analysis showed that the association between food choice behavior and blood pressure differed according to age and smoking status. These findings highlight the need for subgroup-specific nutrition education strategies to support blood pressure management in older hypertensive patients.