The purpose of this study is to examine the factors which give influences on the job satisfaction of probation officers and to suggest the ways to improve their job satisfaction. For this study, nine factors which have been derived from the Herzberg’s two factors theory are considered as the possible explanatory variables for the job satisfaction. Using SPSS statistical package, the analysis of the data examines the descriptive analysis, T-test, ANOVA, Correlation, and Multiple regression. The result of this analysis showed that the significant factors related to the job satisfaction were achievementㆍrecognition, company policy, supervision, working conditions, and job security. First of all, achievementㆍ recognition was the most important factor. Based on the result, to improve the job satisfaction of probation officers, the job dissatisfaction needs to be resolved through the improvement of hygiene factors(company policy, supervision, working conditions, job security) and job satisfaction would be improved through the sufficiency of motivators(achievementㆍrecognition). For these, the following plans are needed: legislativeㆍinstitutional reformation, the establishment of more probation and parole offices, an increase of workforce, budget increase, public support of the community treatment, job redesign and the continuous innovation of probation and parole organizations.

As many other countries, We have ‘presentence investigation system’ in Korean criminal justice system. But, in comparison with other country’s system like America or England, our system is imperfect. That is to say, our presentence investigation system is legally applied only to juvenile criminals. In addition, though Korean probation and parole office have the power of presentence investigation, this power is not effectively used. So, legally, adult criminals have been sentenced in a court without presentence investigation process. And consequently, their mental disorder, home background, social environment, the cause of crime and so on are not precisely considered in a court. So, such sentencing have some problems that is unscientific, regimental, and none effective to criminal’s treatment and rehabilitation. Fortunately, Presidential Committee on Judicial Reform has made a law about presentence investigation, but this law also have many problems. That is to say, this law rules the subject of presentence investigation dualistically - court official and probation officer. Such system is not discovered in any other country, and this may cause chaos of presentence investigation process and may result in the squandering of national budget. So, this article indicate the importance of complete presentence investigation system and that we should made a law of presentence investigation system more systematically and unitarily.

이 연구에서는 현재 우리 교정당국이 당면하고 있는 심각한 문제 중의 하나인 過密收容의 原因分析과 刑事司法的 對應方案을 제시하는데 그 목적을 둔다. 과밀수용의 개념과 수용실태에서는 과밀수용 개념을 정의하는 방법 중 形式的 接近方法과 實質的 接近方法에 의거하여 과밀수용의 개념을 설명하고, 수용실태를 통하여 현재 우리 교정당국이 처해 있는 과밀정도, 즉 연중 최대수용시점을 기준으로 수용자 한 명당 0.5평도 되지 않는 작은 공간에서 생활하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 과밀수용의 원인분석에서는 人口增加, 景氣變動, 刑事司法機關의 犯罪에 대한 對應方法으로 나누어 분석하였는데, 가장 직접적이고 영향을 많이 미치고 있는 것은 刑事司法機關의 犯罪에 대한 對應方法에 있음을 알 수가 있었다. 이에 과밀수용에 대한 대응방안으로는 ‘인구증가’와 ‘경기변동’은 형사사법 외적 요인으로 보다 거시적인 사회(경제)정책에 의존할 수밖에 없으므로, 여기에서는 不拘束 搜査擴大로 未決拘禁의 最小化, ‘罰金刑의 積極 活用’, ‘假釋放制度의 積極活用’, ‘短期自由刑에 대한 電子監視의 代替’, ‘民營矯導所의 活用’ 등 형사사법 내적 요인인 형사사법기관의 범죄에 대한 대응방법을 중심으로 살펴보았다.