The problems of misinterpretation, lack of text, absence of text, derivation of text, reverse text and sentence reading errors in some of the texts inscribed in the opera tablets of the Ming Dynasty in the south of Shanxi are caused by many reasons, such as unclear grammar and style of writing, unclear cultural words, no recognition of homophone characters and similar characters, no recognition of different characters, or indistinct and vague characters in the topographic films. By checking the topology, combining the handed down documents and unearthed documents, correct the misword, supplement the missing text, correct the missing text, correct the derived text, correct the inverted text, correct the sentence reading, indicate the wrong cause, correct the explanation text, in order to provide more accurate and reliable text information for the academic research.

Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology publishes 359 new epitaph rubbings of the Epitaphs Recently Acquired by Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology, which offers the real and reliable unearthed literatures for us to research into the new ancient epitaphs recently excavated in Shanxi Province. However, it is not easy to interpret some variant forms in the epitaph rubbings. By studying on eight variant forms in the epitaph rubbings, giving examples in characters and illustrations of literature, inquiring character meanings, clearing physical meanings, and summarizing the evolution laws of characters, this paper provides support documents and reference experiences for the research on difficult characters and the history of Chinese characters.