Copris tripartitus Waterhouse is a coprophagus insect which enhances the soil fertility as conveying dung into the soil. We compared preimaginal development, mortality, and size of C. tripartitus at various temperature condition (15, 17.5, 20, 25, 27.5, 30). Total preimaginal periods ranged from 118.0d at 17.5℃ to 49.3d at 27.5℃. Development threshold temperature (DT) and total effective temperature for the development of egg, larva, pupa and for complete development (egg to emergence) were 12.1, 11.2, 12.1 and 9.2℃ and 82.7, 462.0, 225.7 and 947.2 degree days, respectively. The mortality of egg and larva was the lowest at 25℃. The optimum temperature for hatchability and on the development of C. tripartitus was estimated to the 25℃.

In spite of the development of highly sophisticated instrument, the precise quantitation of plant hormones still has many difficulties. Due to their high specificity, sensitivity and minimal sample purification steps, immunological assays have been widely applied for plant hormone assay. Enzme-linked immunosorbent assay technique for the determination of plant hormones was developed by Voller in 1978. Immunological assays are accomplished by competition of labeled tracer antigen and unlabeled antigen for a limited number of specific antibodies. The use of enzyme as replacement labels for radioisotopes enabled much of the sensitivity and specificity of radioimmunoassay (RIA) to be retained but without the inherent disadvantage of high capital cost, potential health hazard, and short shelf life of the labeled reactants.