PURPOSES : The number of snowfall and the amount of snowfall are gradually increasing, and due to the characteristics of Seoul, which has a lot of traffic, it is difficult to respond quickly with a snow removal method that relies on snow removal vehicles. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an IoT based eco-friendly snow removal system that can respond to unexpected heavy snow in winter. In this study, the low temperature operation and snow removal performance of the IoT road condition snow removal detector and the snow removal system using CNT and PCM are evaluated in the climatic environment chamber. METHODS : To make artificial snow, it consists of an climatic environment chamber that can simulate a low temperature environment and equipment that can supply compressed air and cold water. Depending on the usage characteristics of the climatic environment chamber, use an air-water type snow maker. In order to make artificial snow, wet temperature, which takes into account the actual air temperature and the amount of moisture in the air, acts as the most important variable and is suitable for making snow, below –1.5 ℃. The lower the water temperature, the easier it is to freeze, so the water source was continuously supplied at 0 ℃ to 4 ℃. One of the two different pipes is connected to the water tank to supply water, and the other pipe is connected to the compressor to supply high-pressure air. Water is dispersed by compressed air in the form of many small droplets. The sprayed microscopic water particles freeze quickly in the low temperature environmental climatic chamber air and naturally fall to the floor, forming snow. Based on the KS C IEC 60068-2-1 cold resistance test standard, an integrated environmental test procedure was prepared to apply to IoT-based snow removal systems and performance evaluation was performed accordingly. The IoT based eco-friendly snow removal system is needed to in winter, so visual check and inspect the operation at the climatic chamber before setting up it to the actual site. In addition, grid type equipment was manufactured for consistent and reliable snow removal performance evaluation under controlled environmental conditions. RESULTS : The IoT-based eco-friendly snow removal system normally carried out the task of acquiring data and images without damaging the appearance or freezing in a low temperature environment. It showed clear snow removal performance in areas where PCM and CNT heating technology were applied to the concrete slab. This experiment shows that normal snow removal tasks can be carried out in low temperature environments in winter. CONCLUSIONS : The integrated environmental test procedures and grid type evaluation equipment are applied to low temperature operation and snow removal performance evaluation of snow removal systems. In the climatic environment chamber, where low temperature environments can be simulated, artificial snow is created regardless of the season to derive quantitative experimental results on snow removal performance. PCM and CNT heating technology showed high snow removal performance. The system is expected to be applied to road site situations to preemptively respond to unexpected heavy snow in winter.

바이오매스는 지속가능한 에너지원의 일종으로 다양한 공정에 따라 바이오 에탄올, 바이오 디젤, 바이오 가스 등으로 회수하여 석유자원의 대체제로 사용 가능하다. 그 중 목질계 바이오매스는 주로 셀룰로오스, 헤미셀룰로오스, 리그닌으로 이루어져 있으며, 셀룰로오스는 바이오 에탄올 등의 연료화를 통해 이용되고 있으나, 리그닌의 경우 펄프 공정 내 부산물로 여겨져 단순 연소를 통한 열에너지원으로서의 역할을 하고 있다. 하지만 리그닌은 자연에서 가장 많이 존재하는 페놀성 고분자 화합물의 일종으로, 이를 이용한 페놀 수지, 에폭시 수지, 접착제 등의 화학약품화 및 탄소섬유로 소재화하는 등의 리그닌 부가가치화 연구사례가 많아지고 있다. 본 연구 대상인 폐목재는 2015년 기준 연간 약 170만 톤이 발생하고 있으며 약 70%가 재활용되어지고 있으나, 3등급 폐목재의 경우 가공과정에서 페인트, 기름, 방부제, 접착제 등 다량의 불순물이 함유되어 재활용 시 많은 제약을 두고 있다. 이러한 폐목재의 특성을 고려한 재활용 방안에 대한 연구의 필요성이 존재한다. 본 연구는 3등급 폐목재를 대상으로 organosolv 전처리법을 이용한 최적 리그닌 분해 조건 도출 및 UF/NF 멤브레인 시스템 적용을 통한 폐목재 내 목적으로 하는 분자량을 가진 리그닌의 고순도 분리 추출을 목적으로 하고 있다. 또한 분리된 리그닌의 FT-IR, NMR, TGA 분석을 통해 폐목재 리그닌의 재활용 가능성을 검토해보고자 한다.

Carbonaceous material prepared from oriental cherry can be used for the adsorption of zinc ion from an aqueous solution. Parameters such as pH (4-11), temperature (293-333 K), mixing intensity (10-120 rpm) and contact time (0.5- 90 min) were studied. Increasing pH (99.6% at pH 11) and temperature (99.8% at 333 K) caused an increase in adsorption capacity. A pseudo-equilibrium state was reached within 1 min of contact time. Removal efficiency of zinc ion remained constant regardless of mixing intensity. The adsorption equilibrium data were best represented by the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The calculated maximum adsorption capacity was 3.541 mg/g. Thermodynamic studies demonstrated that the adsorption process was spontaneous with Gibb’s free-energy values ranging between -3.272 and -15.594 kJ/mol and endothermic with an enthalpy value of 86.984 kJ/mol. Therefore, carbonaceous material from oriental cherry was shown to have good potential for the adsorption of zinc ion.