This study presents a seismic fragility assessment methodology incorporating the cumulative damage effects of repeated seismic loading on structures. Conventional seismic fragility assessment methods typically focus on single earthquakes across multiple structures; however, seismic events often occur in sequences, with each event adding cumulative damage that can amplify the overall damage. Ignoring the effects of repeated earthquakes in fragility assessments may lead to underestimating seismic risk. This study proposes a simplified but efficient fragility assessment method that accounts for repeated earthquake effects using probabilistic combinations of each damage state. This procedure applied the capacity spectrum method to consider capacity degradation from displacement caused by prior earthquakes. Applying various earthquake scenarios, this study analyzes the effects of damage accumulation from earthquake occurrence sequences, structural behavior types, and seismic design levels on the fragility of structures under repeated earthquake events.