Lee, Kil-yong․Son, Min-su. 2012. The development process of Communication Strategies in Japanese by korean learners. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 20(1). pp. 161-176. In this study, focused on the first language-based strategies and the target language-based strategies about the development of communication strategies in Japanese by three korean learners were investigated.　The results are summarized as follows. First, as target language proficiency increases, the frequency of the first language-based strategies and the target language-based strategies generally tended to decrease. However, the case of the beginning level learner, as learning progresses, the frequency of the target language-based strategies increased. Second, as target language proficiency increases, the frequency of the first language-based strategies generally tended to decrease. However, as chaotic-period of the first language and the target language, the intermediate-level learners increased the frequency of the first language based-strategies. Third, as target language proficiency increases, the frequency of problem-solving strategy of the sentence unit increased than problem-solving strategy of unit vocabulary. This study will have important implications to say that by analyzing the longitudinal data of three cross-cutting learners of differing proficiency target language, we attempted to elucidate the developmental processes of communication strategies.

This paper is intended to explore the relationship of korean churches and the shamanism from the missional perspective. July 7, 2007 the very interesting article was reported in ‘The New York Times’. It bears the title, “Shamanism Enjoys Revival in Techno-Savvy South Korea”. According to this report, there are an estimated 300,000 shamans in south-korea. By contrast it is approximately 120,000 protestant pastors in south korea. Until now the shamanism and the mudangs are estimated so negative by reason of their ‘health and wealth gospel’. Specially the korean church took it as the mammonism. But the health and wealth gospel of shamanism aims the worldy centered worth, not the mammonism. By religious ritual named ‘gut’ they will find a solution to one's problem, but will not accumulate wealth. They think that the most problem of human beings arise from the distorted relationship between the divine beings and the livings. So by the gut they try to reconcile the livings with the divine beings. For this, the mudangs serve their gods with all their hearts; they pray every early morning with the lustral water, support their gods with fresh new fruits. This faithful devotion is called ‘chiseong’ in korean, and this could be comepare with the spiritual discipline. By this ‘chiseong’ the mudangs can be recognized as the spiritual psychics. And this will afford an excellent lesson to the korean churches, for the church as a missionary organ have to witness the presence of the living God in this world.

Structural dynamic properties such as natural frequency depend not only on damage but also environmental condition (i.e., Temperature). Without removing the variation of environmental condition in the damage detection, false-positive or negative damage diagnosis may occur so that structural health monitoring becomes unreliable. One of methods used to solve this problem is to construct regression model based on structural responses with the environmental factors. However, it is difficult to determine where and which environmental variables to measure. One alternative is to remove the variability due to environmental variation without measurement of environmental variables. However, the performance of this method is depending on how to define the reference data set. Generally, there is no prior information on reference condition (i.e., healthy condition) during data mining. Reference condition is determined based on subjective perspective with human-intervention. To overcome the drawback of current methods, this paper investigates adaptive PCA technique for the monitoring of structural damage detection under environmental change. This method is not required to determine the reference condition and measure the environmental variables. Proposed method is tested on numerically simulated data for a range of noise in measurement under environmental variation.

본 연구에서는, 모드유연도 행렬 기반 변위를 이용한 고층빌딩의 손상진단 알고리즘을 제안한다. 손상에 의해 유발되는 손상유발 층간 변위의 관계식을 통해 고층빌딩의 손상진단을 위한 손상지수를 제안하였으며, 다중손상의 손상추정을 위한 베이스라인 변경기법을 제안했다. 제안된 방법은 수치모 델이 필요하지 않으며, 계측된 신호처리만을 통해 고층빌딩의 손상추정이 가능하다는 점, 그리고 다중손상에 대한 손상추정이 가능하다는 장점을 지닌다. 제안된 방법의 성능검증을 위해 10층 빌딩모 델에 대한 일련의 수치해석을 수행했다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anxiolytic-like effect of the methanol extract of Sophorae fructus (MESF) using elevated plus-maze (EPM), open field test, and horizontal wire test in mice. MESF was orally administered at doses of 50, 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg to ICR mice 1 h before behavioral evaluation. The control group was given an equal volume of 10% Tween 80, and the positive control group was given diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p.). The administration of MESF significantly increased the percentage of time spent in open arms and the entries into the open arms of the EPM compared with the 10% Tween 80-treated control group (p < 0.05). In addition, the anxiolytic-like activities of MESF were antagonized by flumazenil (a GABAA antagonist, 10 mg/kg) but not by WAY-100635 (a 5-HT1A antagonist, 0.3 mg/kg). Futhermore, there were no changes in the locomotor activity and myorelaxant effects of the experimental group, as opposed to the 10% Tween 80-treated control group. Therefore, these findings suggest that MESF promotes the anxiolytic-like activity mediated by the GABAergic nervous system in mice.