Commercial ultra-high-strength PAN-based carbon fibers (T1000G) were heat-treated at the temperature range of 2300– 2600 °C under a constant stretching of 600 cN. After continuous high-temperature graphitization treatment, microstructures, mechanical properties and thermal stability of the carbon fibers were investigated. The results show that the T1000G carbon fibers present the similar round shape with a smooth surface before and after graphitization, indicating the carbon fibers are fabricated by dry–wet spinning. In comparison, the commercial high-strength and high-modulus PAN-based carbon fibers (M40JB and M55JB) present elliptical shapes with ridges and grooves on the surface, indicating the carbon fibers are fabricated by wet spinning. After graphitization treatment from 2300 to 2600 °C under a constant stretching of 600 cN, the Young’s modulus of the T1000G carbon fibers increases from about 436 to 484 GPa, and their tensile strength decreases from about 5.26 to 4.45 GPa. The increase in Young’s modulus of the graphitized T1000G carbon fibers is attributed to the increase in the crystallite sizes and the preferred orientation of graphite crystallites along the fiber longitudinal direction under a constant stretching condition. In comparison with the M40JB and the M55JB carbon fibers, the graphitized T1000G carbon fibers are easier to be oxidized, which can be contributed to the formation of more micropores and defects during the graphitization process, thus leading to the decrease in the tensile strength.

Nowdays, implant treatment became a branch of universal dental treatment and results in mOI‘ e success by surface con dit ioning and continuous improvements. Recently, a method to extract crystal shows sirnilar Ca/P ratio as HA has introduced which is anodizing electrolyte pure titanium anodize by electrolyte ß -glycerophosphate disodium salt hydrate and calcium acetic acid on pure t itanium before hydrothermal treatment ln t his study fixu res have divided in 3 group: Machined(Group 1), Anodized(Group 1I), implant whi ch has a surface containing Ca and P formed by anodization and hyd rothermal treatment( Group m). Total 18 fixtures were impla nted on rabbit which sacrifi ced on week 2 and week 4 for the histological specimens. By t hese specimens polarized microscopic view‘ ll1icro CT view‘ EPMA, ISQ value were ll1easured, cOll1pa red and a nalysed by each group to f igure out the possible clinical use of titanium implant containing Ca and P by hydrothe rll1al treatment and anodizing electrolyte. ISQ value had no s ignifïcance differences between each 3 groups, However in each group 4 , 8 weeks had hi gher ISQ value than 2 weeks 1n polarized rni croscope, calcification level was following Group 1I ‘ Group m, Group 1. 1n rnicro CT‘ formation of cancellous bone level was following ‘ Group 1I , Group m, Group 1. 1n EPMA, distribution and concentration of Ca was following : Group 1I was two t ill1es more higher than Group 1 , Group m. Group m were higher level t han Group 1. In distribution and concentration of P Group 1I was high er than the other group. but th e re were no statical s ignifi cances. Finally, anodi zed implant was the most exellent on the early bone for ll1a tion Containing Ca and P implant by anodizing and hydrotherma l treatment was more better than machined surface implant, but there is no effi cience at ear ly bone formati on

Since oral keratinocytes represent the natmal target for HPV(human papill omavi ruses) infecti on, HPV infection may be involved il1 the developmel1t of oral SCC. Through compaJ'ing the morph이 ogic featw-es of NHOK to 다fOK accorcling to calcium concentration by TEM, immortali zed oral keratinocytes(IHOK) transfected by E6/E7 gene of HPV 16 have been gained wide acceptance as a model system for HPV-linkecl oral carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study were to exami ned the ultrastructural fcaturcs of culturcd NHOK, IHOK, and HN4 oral squamous cell CaJ‘CI noma celJ line, and to apply these results to oral carcinogenesis in the future, Prima:rily cul tlU'ed NHOK, IHOK ++ and HN 4 cell line which were cu ltu red under 015 and 12mM CaTT of 1ιBM bulJet kit For tra nsmission electronmi crosco py(TEM). under preconfluency‘ and after 3 days of postconfluency uncler 1.2mM Ca ++‘ cultured NHOK IHOK, and HN4 cell line were immediately fixed in 2, 0% gluta:raldehyde in O.lM cacodylate buffer(pH 7, 4) at 40C 1'01' 1h TEM of cultured NHOK under 1. 2mM Ca ++ showed increased tonofi laments‘ and vaculated ovoid cells wi th cornifi ed envelope, whi le cultured IHOK showed prominent microvilli , unilateral desmosome in microvillus‘ and tonof t!amen ts Under high calcium cu ltured IHOK showed less tonofilaments than that of cultured NHOK, while cu ltu red lHOK a nd HN 4 cell lines showed more increased desmosomes under high calclUm It suggested that the ultrast ru ctura l cha nges of cultured IHOK would be accepted as the morphologic changes of intermediate stage aJl10ng oral carci nogenesis ,