As global warming and consumer’s preference for tropical/subtropical fruits increase, the number of orchards cultivating tropical/subtropical fruits in Korea is increasing. Accordingly, concerns about the introduction of exotic invasive pests that host tropical fruits. In this study, efficacy of ethyl formate(EF), as alternative to methyl bromide(MB), was evaluated. Commercial trial of EF was conducted in mango post-harvest storage conditions for controlling Scirtothrips dorsalis. Application of 10 g/m3 of EF for 4 hours at 10 ℃ showed proven efficacy on S. dorsalis without any phytotoxic damage on mango fruits in that condition.

The slaughter of livestock is inevitably required to obtain meat products from livestock. Since slaughter means pain and death for animals, reducing the pain and distress of animals during slaughter is very important from a perspective of animal welfare based on the principle of respect for life. Generally, two stunning methods, CO2 stunning and electrical stunning, are used for slaughter. When the carotid arteries of the lungs are cut off for bleeding, the bronchial tubes are also severed. To determine the degree of blood inflow into the lungs through the severed bronchial tubes, the prevalence rates of pulmonary diseases and pulmonary congestion in slaughtered pigs were analyzed. In this study, the prevalence of pneumonia was 24.9% in Slaughterhouse A using the gas method, but it was decreased by about 10% to 15.7% and 12.6%, respectively, in Slaughterhouses B and C using the electric method. On the other hand, the prevalence of pulmonary congestion in Slaughterhouses A, B, and C was 4.24%, 14.10% and 16.40%, respectively. In other words, the prevalence of pulmonary congestion was higher by about 10% in the groups of pigs slaughtered by the electric method (Slaughterhouses B and C) than in the group of pigs slaughtered by the gas method (Slaughterhouse A). These results indicate that blood inflow into the pulmonary alveoli led to a diagnosis of pulmonary congestion instead of pneumonia in some pigs with pneumonia. In short, it was found that about 10% of pigs stunned by the electric method were not in a state of complete unconsciousness but in a partially conscious state during slaughter. It is suggested that slaughterhouses should be equipped with gas stunning equipment instead of applying the electric method due to lower costs.

The formation of CaCO3 in microalgal culture is investigated and applied for effective separation of microalgae. The presence of several cationic ions in the culture medium mediates the formation of 3 types of mineral precipitates depending on the concentration of mineral precursors, Ca2+ and CO3 2−, amorphous nano-flakes, rhombohedral calcites, and spherical vaterites. While amorphous phased precipitates are formed for all concentrations of mineral precursor, only calcites are formed for 30 mM solutions of mineral precursor, and mixtures of calcites and vaterites are formed for 50 and 100 mM solutions of mineral precursor. The harvesting efficiency is also dependent on the concentration of the mineral precursor: from 90 % for 10 mM to 99 % for 100 mM after 60 mins’ of gravitational sedimentation. The formation of nano-flakes on the surface of microalgal cells induces the flocculation of microalgae by breaking the stable dispersion. The negatively charged surface of the microalgal cell is compatible not only with nano-flake attachment but also with the growth of calcitic crystals in which microalgal cells are embedded.

The baculovirus expression system is a very useful tool widely used for expression of foreign proteins. To use the baculovirus expression system, a recombinant baculovirus must be prepared. The development of the Bac to Bac system has reduced the time and effort required to produce recombinant baculovirus. But, it will take at least two weeks. Further, it takes more time to measure the activity of recombinant baculovirus. In order to overcome this problem, a virus inducible expression system is being studied recently. Although baculovirus is able to rapidly express foreign proteins, it still has a low expression level. Thus, in this study, we aimed to construct a novel baculovirus inducible expression vector that not only shortens the production time of protein but also can express at a high level. The novel baculovirus inducible expression vector has been evaluated using EGFP and is expected to be a very useful tool for production of various proteins.

ICT 기반의 해충 이미지 전송 시스템은 담배거세미나방과 파밤나방을 예찰하고 방제하는데 필요한 효과적인 유인 해충 전송수단이다. 시설 온실내 담배거세미나방과 파밤나방을 유인하기 위하여 스마트 트랩을 이용하였다. 스마트트랩은 나방류 해충유인을 위해 성페로몬 4종 장착하였으며 유인된 해충은 특수 카메라를 이용하여 이미지 촬영이 가능하였다. 또한, 해충유인 발광트랩 처리구는 황색광을 사용한 발광 트랩을 사용하였다. 또한 대조구로 기존에 널리 사용되는 델타트랩은 한 종류의 성페로몬을 장착하여 유인력 검정에 이용하였다. 성페로몬 한 종류만 사용한 델타트랩 처리는 담배거세미나방 페로몬 루어를 사용하였고, 4종류의 성페로몬을 설치한 스마트 트랩 처리구는 담배거세미나방, 뒷날개흰나방, 파밤나방, 왕담배나방용 성페로몬 루어를 사용하였다. 실험은 2018년 6월 1일부터 8월 31일까지 함안 시설원예연구소의 13m2의 소형비닐하우스에서 수행하였으며 공시작물은 파프리카 ‘시로코’ 품종과 토마토 ‘데프니스’ 품종을 사용하였다. 나방류 해충의 유인력 검정결과 파프리카와 토마토를 식재한 온실 모두 성페로몬 루어 한 종류를 설치한 델타트랩보다 유인발광 트랩 처리구에서 높은 나방류 유인율을 나타내었다. 시험기간 유인발광 트랩의 경우 유인 포획된 총 나방수는 파프리카 온실에서 평균 97마리, 토마토 온실에서 75마리가 유인 포획되어 가장 높았다. 그러나, 성페로몬 1종 및 4종을 설치한 델타트랩 및 스마트트랩처리구는 두 개의 온실 모두 평균 5마리 이하의 유인율을 나타내었다. 따라서, 시설내 나방류 예찰 및 유인 방제하기 위해서는 기존 성페로몬만 사용하기 보다는 유인발광 트랩을 함께 설치하는 것이 나방류 유인포획에 효과적이라고 판단되었다.