Until now, five species (Meghimatium bilineatum, M. fruhstorferi, Limax flavus, L. marginatus, Deroceras reticulatum) in three genera of families Philomycidae and Limacidae have been reported in Korea. Philomycidae is a family of air-breathing land snails. Meghimatium hongdoensis sp. nov. is described based on its middle size (60-80 mm in body length), its body coloration (dark-red yellow), no dorsal with streaks, its genitalia, and 16rDNA sequence analysis. Specimens of this new species were collected from Hongdo island, Sinan-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea. This species is only known from the type locality at Hongdo to date. It could be found in high-humidity sites. Meghimatium uniforme (Laidlaw 1937) was the first one reported in Korea. It was also collected from Gageodo island, Sinan-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea. In this study, morphological characteristics including their radula and genital structures of these two species were described. Preliminary results of mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analyses indicated that these species belonged to the Korean clade.

The present study was performed reviewing references determine the infection status of Korean freshwater fishes and relation with climate change of Korean peninsula. The most common infections of Korean freshwater fishes are flatworms (trematodes) and spiny-headed worms (acanthocephalans). Total 61 species of Korean freshwater fishes for infectious disease has been reviewed. Among them, 44 species of freshwater fish belong to Cyprinidae and 17 species for Cobitidae, Siluridae, Bagridae, Amblycipitidae, Synbranchidae, Centropomidae, Odontobutidae, Belontiidae, and Channidae. The Korean freshwater fishes had total 35 kinds of parasite pathogenic organisms (Acanthocephala opsariichthydis, Centrocestus sp., Cyathocotyle sp., Diplostomum orientale, Diplostomum sp., Echinochasmus sp., Echinostoma sp., Genarchopsis sp., Holostephanus metorchis, Metacercaria hasegawai, Metagonimus sp., Metorchis taiwanensis, Neoplagioporus zacconis, Palliolisentis chinanensis, Palliolisentis chunjuensis, Prosorhpynchus sp., Centrocestus armatus, Clonorchis sinensis, Holostephanus nipponicus, Metorchis orientalis, Cyathocotyle orientalis, Pseudexorchis major, Exorchis oviformis, Trachelobdella sinensis, Metagonimus miyata, Isoparorchis hypselobagri, Clinostomum complanatum, Centrocestus asadai, Metagonimus yokogawai, Echinostoma cinetorchis, Echinochasmus japonicus, Diplozoon nipponicum, Metagonimus takahashii, Carassotrema koreanum, and Echinostoma hortense). Maximum infections belonged to Pseudorasbora parva as Cyprinidae had 19 kinds of parasite organisms, including Centrocestus armatus, Clinostomum complanatum, Clinostomum complanatum, Clonorchis sinensis, Cyathocotyle orientalis, Echinochasmus japonicus, Exorchis oviformis, Holostephanus metorchis, Holostephanus nipponicus, Metacercaria hasegawai, Metagonimus yokogawai, Metorchis orientalis, Metorchis taiwanensis, Pseudexorchis major, Cyathocotyle sp., Diplostomum sp., Echinochasmus sp., Metagonimus sp. and Prosorhpynchus sp. Human foodborne trematode infections are an important public health concern in Korea. In the future, under the climatic extremes on Korean peninsula such as floods, drought and temperature variability, in particular, the susceptibility of freshwater fishes to infection will be decreased.

To determine the status of Korean wild reptiles and amphibians infection and relation with climate change of Korean peninsula, references were reviewed. Wild animals serve as intermediate, reservoirs and paratenic hosts to zoonotic parasites of human beings. The parasites and disease can be a serious problem for all herptiles. The infectious diseases, in particular, become parasitized through contact with other reptiles or contaminated objects and environments, or by eating infected food items. Worms are one of the most common intestinal parasites. Among reptiles, the most common infections are flatworms (trematodes), roundworms (nematodes), tapeworms (cestodes), and spiny-headed worms (acanthocephalans). A total of 20 species for infectious diseases from Korean wild reptiles and amphibians has been reviewed. Among them, 11 species was amphibians and 9 species for reptiles. The Korean wild herptiles had total 41 kinds of parasite pathogenic organisms. Meximum infections belonged to Rana nigromaculata as amphibians had 22 kinds of parasite organisms, including Gorgodera aponica, Gorgodera bombinae, Diplodiscus japonicus, Haematoloechus sibiricus japonicus, Pleurogenoides japonicus, Haematoloechus nanchangensis, Haematoloechus variegatus, Haematoloechus lobatus koreanus, Neodiplostomum seoulense, Halipergus japonicus, Haematolechus japonicus, Loxogenes liberum, Baerttia japonica, Ophiotaenia manae, Oswardcruzia lualata, Icosiella kobayashi, Pharyngodon pobypedates, Gyrinicola japonica, Catadiseus sp., Ophisthodiseus sp., Diplorchis sp., and Sparganum. Also, Dinodon rufozonatum as reptiles had 5 kinds of parasite, including Cotylaspis coreensis, Cotylaspis sinensis, Cephalogonimus japonicus, Astiotrema reniferum, Astiotrema odheri, Kaurma orientalis, and Astiotrema sp.. In the future, under the climatic extremes on Korean peninsula such as floods, drought and temperature variability, in particular, the susceptibility of amphibian and reptiles to infection will be increased and they have implications for the emergence of disease and the potential for climate change to exacerbate amphibian decline.