최근 파밤나방 등 다양한 나비목 해충에서 diamide 계통의 살충제 (IRAC group 28)의 저항성이 많이 보고가 되고 있다. 국내에서도 이미 배추좀나방과 파밤나방의 저항성이 보고되었는데, 본 연구에서 사용된 강릉에서 2018년 채집한 파밤나방의 경우 Chlorantraniliprole에 대하여 감수성 대비 2,500배 이상의 높은 저항성을 나타냈다. 추천 농도 처리 시 30% 이하의 방제가를 나타냈으며 Cyantraniliprole, Cyclaniliprole, Flubendiamide에서 높은 교차저항성을 나타냈다. 이 저항성 집단에서 diamide 계통 살충제의 작용점인 ryanodine receptor에 이미 보고된 G4946E 돌연변이는 발견되지 않았으나 새로운 I4760M 돌연변이를 발견하였는데, 2014년 배추좀나방에서 보고된 돌연변이와 위치가 동일하였다. 따라서 I4760M 돌연변이는 파밤나방에서 diamide 저항성에 관여 할 것으로 판단한다.

The spotted wing drosophila(Drosophila suzukii)is one of the serious fruit pest that has a wide range of fruit crops like blueberries, cherries and grapes. It came up the larvae cause dagmage by feeding on the pulp inside fruits and berries and spotted wing drosophila also has a adversely affect export to Austrailia and New zealand as a quarantine pest. This study conduct to survey occurrence of drosophila spp. from 2016 to 2018 on harvest period of grapevine in vinyard of Okcheon ,Yeongdong and fruit packing place for export to New zealand and USA. Vinegar and wine mixture was used to attract fruits flies. We also investigated to what color is the best stimulus to catch a vinegar flies. Our result shows that significant differences were observed in total flies trapped in red and black colors. This study will contribute to future research for monitoring and control drosophilid flies.

Temperature and insecticide are two important factors that affect survival, reproduction and other physiological processes of insects. To determine interactions of temperature and insecticide treatment on susceptible (S) and imidacloprid-resistant strains (IMI-R) of Aphis gossypii, adults were exposed to three temperatures (17, 22, and 28℃) or combinations of three temperatures (17, 22 and 28℃) and imidacloprid (LC20), and the expression of several genes (heat shock protein 70, cuticle protein, cytochrome P450, and elongation factor) were analyzed. The expression level at 17℃ of heat shock protein 70, cuticle protein, and elongation factor in S strain were up-regulated with increased time and higher than those of IMI-R strain. However, expression of cytochrome P450 was not affected by elevated temperature both S and IMI-R strain. Combined treatment of elevated temperature and imidacloprid were significantly up-regulated only cuticle protein in S strain and higher than those of IMI-R strain.

Insensitive acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was determined to be basically involved in a EPN-resistant (ER) strain and ER contaminated susceptible (CS) strain of diamondback moth (DBM, Plutella xylostella L.), as estimated by the AChE inhibition assay using DDVP as a inhibitor in nondenaturing electrophoresis gel. ER strain exhibited very high insensitivity revel, high resistance ratio and two point mutations (G227A, A201S) in ace1. CS strain showed intermediate insensitivity level, low resistance ratio and a point mutation (G227A). This finding suggests that the A201S mutation along with reported G227A mutation (Baek et al, 2005) can be main player to develop the organophosphate resistance. Additionally, surveyed seven local population DBMs saturated G227A mutation and A201S mutation mixed in some population. Also A441G mutation was detected in some population, but there was no significant correlation. These results suggest that A201S mutation could be one of the good candidate for molecular diagnosis marker of resistance monitoring.

Insensitive acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was determined to be basically involved in a EPN-resistant (ER) strain of diamondback moth (DBM, Plutella xylostella L.), as estimated by the AChE inhibition assay using DDVP and thiodicarb as inhibitors in nondenaturing electrophoresis gel. AChEs were clearly separated into four different bands (a major band and three minor bands) in susceptible strain (CS) and all bands inhibited by used inhibitors almost same level, however, only two bands (a major band and a minor band) showed in that of ER strain and major band showed higher insensitivity. Moreover, ER strain showed cross resistance against used inhibitors and DDVP highly inhibited esterase in both strains. About 2kb of ace1,2 cloned and point mutations were detected in ER strain.

키틴생합성저해제인 diflubenzuron을 톱다리개미허리노린재(Riptortus clavatus Thunberg)에 미량국소처리하였을 때 충태 및 영기에 따른 약제의 감수성차이와, 종령약충 처리후 우화율 및 우화성충에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. Diflubenzuron은 살람효과를 보였으며 산란후 12시간내의 알은 산란후 48~60시간의 알보다 감수성이 높았으나, 알의 나이에 관계없이 처리된 알의 배는 정상적으로 발육하였다. 영기별 감수성은 영기가 진행될수록 낮아져 1령약충이 2령에 비하여 1.5배, 3령약충에 비하여 18.2배, 4령약충에 비하여 39.4배, 5령약충에 비하여 42.4배 높은 감수성을 나타내었다. 종령약충에 처리하였을 때 우화율과 우화성충의 체중, 수명 및 산란율은 현저히 감소하였다.