This study was performed to recognize species composition of Anopheline mosquitoes and infection rates of Plasmodium vivax in the northern part of South Korea. Adult mosquitoes were collected at 9 Republic of Korea (ROK) army installations in northern part of Geyonggi Province near the demilitarized zone (DMZ) using black light traps. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify collected Anopheline specimens and detect P. vivax from them. During June to August 2016, total 481 anopheline mosquitoes were collected and identified. Anopheles kleini was the most frequently collected (56.1%), and followed by An. pullus (16.6%), An. sinensis (16.2%), An. belenrae (7.5%) and An. lesteri (1.5%). 6 pools (4.0%) were positive for P. vivax among 150 pools. The minimum infection rates (MIR) was 1.24. Our ongoing study will provide a meaningful data for the effective malaria elimination strategy.