본 리뷰 논문은 식품 산업에서 나노 기술의 활용에 관한 보고이다. 식품 병원균에 대한 항균 활성을 갖는 생리 활성 성분은 식품 보존시 효율성을 향상시키고 보존성을 증진시키기 위해 나노입자(NPs)로 캡슐화된다. 그러나, 이러한 NPs는 인간에게 생체 적합성과 무독성을 지녀야 된다. 식품 보존분야의 발전은 일부 산업 분야에서 식품 포장용 NPs의 개발을 가져왔다. 식품 산업 분야에서 가장 일반적으로 사용되는 NPs 그룹은 금속 산화물이다. 산화 아연과 이산화 티타늄 같은 금속 산화물 NPs는 식품 재료에 서 항균 활성을 나타내기 때문에, NPs는 강화된 기능적 특성으로 식품 보존에 사용될 수 있다. 식품 영양과 관능적 특성과 관련된 나노 기술의 적용은 나노 기반 식품 제조 및 보존에 관한 안전규제를 중심으로 간략하게 정리하였다.

In this study, 23 ethanolic extracts from 20 medicinal plants were evaluated for biological activities. Results revealed that of 23 samples, seven samples have demonstrated good antimicrobial activity. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were 0.4-2.0 mg/mL, while minimum bactericidal concentrations were mostly high 0.8- 2.0 mg/mL for selected seven samples. Five samples revealed > 70 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g of total phenolic contents. Among test samples, six samples exhibited > 80% inhibition of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical and only two samples exhibited > 80% inhibition of 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals. A total of five test samples revealed Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity more than 1000 μm/ g. The MTT assay indicated that eight test samples exhibited > 90% viability of murine macrophage cells (RAW 264.7) at 250 μg/mL and suppressed iNOS mRNA expression at transcriptional level when stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Some medicinal plants revealed promising results, and so they have prospective for further more inclusive studies.

Bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer (bSCNT) embryos can develop to the blastocyst stage at a rate similar to that of embryos produced by in vitro fertilization (IVF). However, the efficiency of somatic cell cloning has remained low, and applications have been limited, irrespective of the nuclear donor species or cell types. One possible explanation is that the reprogramming factors of each oocyte is insufficient or not properly adapted for the receipt of a somatic cell nucleus, because it is naturally prepared only for the receipt of a gamete. Here, we would like to introduce the aggregation method (agSCNT), a new experimental system that enables and increase oocyte volume and examined its subsequent development. Judgement by the blastocyst formation rate or total cell number was significantly higher in the agSCNT group than that in the SCNT group, and was very similar to that in the control IVF group. Moreover, the cleavage formation rate in the agSCNT group (61.5 ± 1.3) was higher than that in the SCNT group (39.7 ± 2.1), while still less than that in the IVF group (75.4 ± 1.3). We also analyzed the epigenetic modifications in bovine IVF, agSCNT, and untreated SCNT embryos. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that agSCNT improves the in vitro developmental competence and quality of cloned embryos, as evidenced by increased total cell numbers (TC).