Electronic waste (E-waste) has become a long-standing global concern. People are purchasing new affordable and improved technologies long before the end-of-life (EOL)’s of their old devices, which is leading to overconsumption and growing volumes of e-waste. At present, official data indicates that 80% of the volume of e-waste is not formally treated globally. The complex nature of e-waste recycling processes is a significant challenge.

Social marketing is a discipline promoting voluntary behaviour change in target audience to effect societal and individual benefits by applying commercial marketing strategies. Considering the UNFCCC mechanisms are established to foster voluntary cooperation of parties of the Paris Agreement (2015) in achieving their emission reduction targets and adaptation goals, potential for social marketing playing a critical role in contributing to the context seems endless. The Climate Technology Center and Network (CTCN), established in 2013, is an operational arm of the Technology Mechanism (TM) introduced by the Conference of the Parties (COP) under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. With the purpose of pursuing impactful mitigation and adaptation technology transfer based on global cooperation ontology, the CTCN supports technical assistance (TA) to developing countries on climate technology issues. Nevertheless, the participation rate of the domestic members in the CTCN TA project is low at 7 per cent. With this regard, little has known about what government support would benefit the Network members most, therefore, contributing to the global climate change issue. This research aims to respond to these calls. Three sequential studies outlining 4P strategy development were conducted. Study 1 conducted an online survey to identify pricing factors influencing participation of climate technology transfer business (RQ1). Study 2 tested four different types of government support program that will is most likely to encourage the Network member’s CTCN TA participation (RQ2). Study 3 pilot tested the most appropriate government support program, including a new communication strategy (RQ3). This research has taken climate technology experts’ perspectives in order to enhance the participation of 81 Korean Network members in climate technology projects. This paper contributes to applying the social marketing approach in expanding climate technology assistants globally, thereby purposefully bringing new theoretical and practical insights affecting the mitigation of carbon emissions and increasing the adaptation to climate-related disasters in developing countries.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical overview of the use of social marketing in Asia. A total of 17 countries were included in this paper. We demonstrate the development and trends of social marketing in Asia by highlighting prominent and effective cases. Our findings reveal that social marketing practice represents a wide spectrum of topics. However, public policy and education outweigh adoption of social marketing to address social issues. Several barriers influence adoption and effectiveness of social marketing. We highlight a few and recommend strategies to overcome them.

This research aimed to investigate the impacting psychological factors for Vietnamese’s intention to stop littering. A quantitative method using self-reported online questionnaire was adopted to collect data from Vietnamese residents and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) method was employed to examine the proposed relationships. The results indicate that higher connectedness to nature and lower perceived behavioral control are associated with higher intention to stop littering in Vietnam. Limitations of current study and future research directions are outlined.

Social marketing, a behaviour change discipline that originated in marketing, has contributed to a better world delivering positive health, environmental and social outcomes over the past 60 years. While successes are documented, failures are also evident, and delivery of cost-efficient, feasible, and maintainable programs has been called for. While the benefits of applying social marketing benchmark criteria (BC) are verified, roadmaps for how to apply BC in behaviour change program design are not apparent. This paper marks a first attempt at applying BC to co-create a social marketing program. A conceptual model that applies eight BC across four studies; 1) Systematic quantitative literature review, 2) Segmentation study, 3) Expert panel reviews, and 4) Co-design workshops is proposed. This paper offers a reseacrh process that researchers and/or practitioners can apply to develop behaviour change programs with the aim of achieving enhanced program outcomes. Moving forward the proposed model will need to be tested and replicated in field to verify the effectiveness of applying eight BC within the program design process.