The family Anamorphidae Strohecker is a beetle family that comprises about 170 species worldwide. This family was traditionally considered as a subfamily of the family Endomychidae Leach because of their similar appearance, but a phylogenetic study revealed it is a separate family. The adults of this family can be distinguished from endomychid species by possessing a tentorium with corpotentorium and separated anterior arms, mesocoxal cavities being broadly closed by meso- and metaventrites, and others. Although more than 20 species have been reported in East Asia, this family has never been reported in Korea. In this study, the family Anamorphidae Strohecker and its 5 species of 3 genera, Bystodes kidoi Sasaji, Bystodes sp.1, Bystodes sp.2, Dexialia hiranoi Narukawa, Idiophyes sp., are reported for the first time in Korea. Illustrations of habitus and diagnostic characters of each species are provided.

The genus Trixagus Kugelann is one of the most diverse genera in the family Throscidae Laporte, which comprises about 80 species. Only a single species of this genus has been reported in Korea throughout the entire family. In this study, three additional species, Trixagus sp., Trixagus leseigneuri Muona, and Trixagus turgidus Hisamatsu are reported for the first time in Korea. Similar to that of the species illustrated in Kovalev, males of Trixagus leseigneuri Muona and Trixagus turgidus Hisamatsu possess sexual modification on mesotarsus. Trixagus sp. and Trixagus turgidus Hisamatsu exhibit characters that are unusual for this genus, including the unincised eye, a blade-like structure on the protibia, and others. Illustrations of habitus and diagnostic characters of each species are provided.

The family Cryptophagidae Kirby (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea) comprises minute beetles, with approximately 800 described species within about 50 genera worldwide. Most members of this family are found in moldy environments and feed on fungal spores and hyphae. The Korean cryptophagid fauna is poorly known, consisting of 22 species belonging to 8 genera. In this study, seven species of Cryptophagidae reported for the first time in Korea: Atomaroides ussurica (Lyubarsky), Cryptophagus micaceus Rey, Cryptophagus pumilus Reitter, Cryptophagus zonatus Lyubarsky, Henoticus pilifer Reitter, Micrambe (Micrambinus) bimaculata (Panzer), and Serratomaria vulgaris Sasaji. Illustrations of habitus, male genitalia, and collection localities of these seven species are provided.

Weevils are known as economic and agricultural pests. Additionally, many entimine beetles are also known to cause harm in agriculture. On the other hand, soil-dwelling entimine beetles are known as detritivores, feeding on leaf litter and contributing to soil decomposition. The subfamily Entiminae is the largest group among the family Curculionidae. The genus Asphalmus Sharp comprises 45 species, with only two species [Asphalmus japonicus Sharp and Asphalmus kostali Borovec] recorded in Korea, while the rest are found in Japan. All these species are known as inhabiting leaf and soil litter. While examining of entimine specimens, we distinguished 20 specimens that do not share diagnostic characters with existing Asphalmus species. New species can be identified by the following characters: Reddish-brown body color, elongated body form, absence of teeth on all femora, and the form of male genitalia and female spermatheca.

The genus Caenoscelis C. G. Thomson (Coleoptera: Cryptophagidae: Cryptophaginae) comprises approximately 30 species in the world, primarily distributed in the Holarctic region. Although 15 Caenoscelis species occur in the Palearctic region, only a single species, Caenoscelis sibirica Reitter, has been documented in Korea. In this study, Caenoscelis koreanus sp. nov. is described, and Caenoscelis ferruginea (C. R. Sahlberg) is reported for the first time in Korea. The new species can be distinguished from other Caenoscelis species by their subquadrate antennomere 10, fully developed hind wings, and male genitalia with subacute parameres and indistinctly separated lateral lobes. Illustrations of habitus, diagnostic characters, and a distribution map of Korean Caenoscelis species are provided.

The genus Cephennodes Reitter (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae) comprises approximately 220 species worldwide within three subgenera (Cephennodes, Aculeodes, Fusionodes). In Korea, two species are recorded: C. (s. str) japonicus (Sharp) and C. (Fusionodes) graeseriReitter. The two subgenera, Cephennodes and Fusionodes, can be distinguished by the form of the parameres in relation to the median lobe, whether fused or divided. In this study, we redescribed two species: C. (s. str) japonicus and C. (Fusionodes) graeseri. Additionally, Cephennodes (Fusionodes) ussuricus (Kurbatov) is recorded first time in Korea. Images of habitus, aedeagus, and a distribution map are provided.

The tribe Bythinini Raffray is species-rich pselaphine group including over 600 species distributed worldwide. Despite its diversity, only one genus, Bryaxis Kugelann, has been reported in Korea. In this study, we newly describe Bryaxis sp. n. mainly based on the male antennal modification. We also report a new species of the genus Tychobythinus Ganglbauer from Korea. Members of these two bythinine genera are commonly characterized by the traits of maxillary palpi: elongated second palpomere, shortened penultimate, and enlarged last one. In addition, we conducted phylogenetic analyses to demonstrate the relevance between antennal modification and evolutionary relationship of Bryaxis. To perform the phylogenetic construction, we assembled three mitochondrial genes (cox1, cox2, and 16S) and three nuclear genes (18S, 28S, and wingless) into a dataset. Eleven species of Bryaxis and two Tychobythinus species are included, the latter genus of which are used to root the consensus trees.

Six new species are described that are members of the New Zealand endemic genus Adalmus Reitter (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae: Euplectitae: Trichonychini: Panaphantina): A. bullerensis sp. nov., A. kanierensis sp. nov., A. karekarensis sp. nov., A. mangamukaensis sp. nov., A. puberilumbus sp. nov., and A. serrilumbus sp. nov. In addition, Dalmisus Sharp is placed as a junior synonym of Adalmus (gen. syn.) and the species Dalmisus batrisodes Sharp, 1886, Plectomorphus longiceps Broun, 1913 and P. longipes Broun, 1912 are placed as junior synonyms of A. velutinus Reitter, 1885 spp. syn. Also, P. rugiceps Broun, 1921 is transferred to the genus Adalmus, comb. nov. Adalmus now holds eight species.

The family Ptiliidae, also called featherwing beetle because of their remarkable feather-like hind wings, is group of the smallest beetles, with their body size generally about 1 mm long. Although more than 1,000 valid ptiliids within approximately 100 genera are distributed worldwide, this family remains one of the least understood beetle groups in Korea. In this study, we introduce 13 known Korean ptiliids species within seven genera and additional some unknown species. All available information about Korean ptiliids, including their natural histories, distributional data, and diagnostic characters are provided.

Our study examined a total of 60 dead wood samples (Quercus spp.), collecting 30 samples each in summer and winter, and measured various environmental variables in the field. These samples were classified into three decay classes: fresh, intermediate, well-decayed. We sampled saproxylic beetles within the collected dead wood using emergence traps. Conducted a cluster analysis to explore their relationships of saproxylic beetle and environmental variables. Our results revealed that season and decay class were significant environmental variables affecting saproxylic beetle communities. These results highlight the sensitivity of saproxylic beetles to fluctuations of environment and climate. In summary, our study highlights the intricate relationships between environmental variables and saproxylic beetles and suggests that different types of dead wood should be maintained in forests.

Microplastics and nanoplastics (NMPs) are considered one of hazardous contaminants in marine ecosystems due to their toxic effects, such as reproduction disorder and oxidative stress, on marine organisms. Although water temperature is rising due to global climate change, little information on the toxicological interaction between NMPs and temperature is available. Therefore, in this study, we confirmed the toxicity of NMPs (polystyrene [PS] beads; 0.05- and 6-μm) on brackish water fleas (Diaphanosoma celebensis) depending on increased temperature (30°C and 35°C) at individual and molecular levels. In the chronic toxicity test, the group exposed to high temperatures showed an earlier first reproduction time compared to the normal temperatures group, but it was delayed by co-exposure to NMPs at 35°C. Notably, the total reproduction decreased significantly only after 0.05-μm PS beads exposure at 30°C. Interaction analysis showed that first reproduction time, modulation of the antioxidantrelated gene (GSTS1), heat shock gene (Hsp70), and ecdysteroid pathway-related genes (EcR_A, EcR_B, and CYP314A1) were closely related to temperature and PS beads size. These results indicate that microplastics have size-dependent toxicity, and their toxicity can be enhanced at high temperatures. In addition, higher temperatures and PS beads exposure may have negative effects on reproduction. This study suggests that various factors such as water temperature should be considered when evaluating the toxicity of microplastics in marine ecosystems, and provides an understanding of the complex toxic interaction between water temperature and microplastics for marine zooplankton.

Understanding the landscapes and the elements that make up the landscapes can help us understand the entire natural ecosystems and biodiversity. Landscape ecology has been studied since the past. however, many studies are conducted on single landscapes, and comparative studies between landscapes are few. We compared insect species diversity and community structure within a single plant community across landscapes and habitat. Additionally, identify environmental factors that affect diversity. Our results showed that above-ground and below-ground insect communities were clearly distinguished. Additionally, species diversity was high below-ground in all landscapes. Insect community structures across landscapes did not differ in above-ground. However, below-ground, the urban was differentiated from the forest and agricultural land. We identified the urbanization indices GMIS and PHBASE as factors responsible for these difference.

The subfamily Pselaphinae is one of the largest groups in the family Staphylinidae. Pselaphine beetles consists of 6 supertribes. The supertribe Faronitae consists of 30 genera worldwide, with 14 genera in Australia and New Zealand. While examining faronite specimens, we separated 366 specimens that did not belong to any known faronite genera. Species of this genus can be separated from other faronite genera by the foveal system, features of the aedeagus, and collection localities which are only collected in the southern part of Australia. Through this study, we describe seven new species and three new combinations that previously belonged to the genus Sagola.

Discheramocephalus Johnson was first described from the Solomon Islands as monotypic genus. According to recent studies, this genus comprised 19 species from Afrotropical, Australasian, Indomalayan, and Neotropical realms. These ranges of distribution suggest that Discheramocephalus is pantropical genus. In this study, we describe a Discheramocephalus species from Korea and report a species new to the Palearctic realm. Illustrations of habitus, genital characters and collection localities, a distributional map, and a checklist of the genus Discheramocephalus are also provided.

Goniaceritae is the most speciose supertribe of the subfamily Pselaphinae with more than 3,000 species worldwide. Brachyglutini is the only tribe within New Zealand Goniaceritae, comprised of 8 genera. Physobryaxis Hetschko is monotypic genus of the subtribe Brachyglutina. Although the adults of P. inflatus is close to the members of genus Gastrobothrus Broun, 1882, it is characterized by median antebasal fovea and antebasal sulcus on pronotum. In this study, we report six species of Physobryaxis examining 21 specimens. Illustrations of the habitus, diagnostic characters including male genitalia, and key to the species are also provided. Additionally, we present a distributional map divided into areas based on Crosby’s code.