Global climate change has made natural disasters become large-scale, diversified, and concentrated, causing social and economic damages one after another. The frequency of natural disasters and the scale of subsequent damages are continuously increasing and more than 90% of damages are caused by rainfall, wind speed, and snowfall. In particular, flood damage accounts for the greatest percentage of damage, which prompts us to prepare necessary preventive measures. Flood damage caused by river inundation often occurred in the past. Recently, however, inland flood damages, such as the inundation of Gangnam Station in 2011 and 2012, caused by urbanization have been increasing, which makes it necessary to simulate flood inundation and calculate the damages while considering the effect of inland inundation as well as river inundation. Accordingly, this study analyzed the inland inundation reduction effect through a simulation of flood inundation utilizing flood pumping stations in Anyang River. An economic analysis was also conducted. In addition, this study prepared/compared the flow inundation map based on the existence and operation of flood pumping stations during a localized heavy rainfall event and tried to analyze the economic feasibility by comparing the expected flood damage and the cost of flood pumping stations using Multi-dimensional Flood Damage Assessment. Through this study, results will be provided as reference data for qualitative flood inundation simulation and economic analysis of the basin where natural discharge of direct runoff is impossible and compulsive drainage is taking place.

Future climate change is expected to raise the mean sea level of Korea by about 0.85m-1.29m. Consequently, flood damage in the coastal area would likewise increase and the scale of damage would also become much larger. Various researches have been conducted to efficiently respond to natural disasters caused by climate change. However, there haven’t been many researches related to the analysis and evaluation of coastal area flood vulnerability caused by the rise in sea level. Hence, this study selected Gilsan River basin, a branch of Geum River as the subject matter and tried to evaluate the effect of sea level rise caused by climate change on the coastal area and adjacent rivers. This study also calculated the change in water quantity in the coastal area by considering the sea level rise as well as the future precipitation according to climate change. It also prepared/compared the relevant flood inundation map. The study result showed that the overall flood level increased as the elevation of the water surface rose due to the rise in sea level. In addition, the extent of increase in flood level caused by sea level rise was greater at a location nearer the outlet and it was smaller at a place farther from the outlet. Based on this result, it could be verified that in coastal rivers, climate change can have an effect not only on the precipitation increase but also on the flood water level and flood inundation due to the rise in sea level. The result of this study could be used as basic data for creating technology that would assess the flood vulnerability of coastal urban regions and evaluate preventive measures for coastal disaster risks.

기후변화는 유역의 수자원시스템에 직접적으로 영향을 미치고 있다. 특히 홍수와 가뭄의 발생빈도와 강도가 증가하고 있으며 이는 수자원관리에 더욱 큰 어려움을 가중하고 있다. 또한 기후변화와 유역의 환경변화와 같이 다양한 불확실한 요소에 의하여 미래 수자원 계획의 수립에 많은 한계가 있는 것이 사실이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 전지구적으로 변화하는 기후변화와 유역내 사회환경요소의 변화에 의한 물 수요량의 변화를 함께 결합하여 낙동강 유역을 대상으로 불확실성 기반의 미래 물 부족량을 추정하고자 하였다. 우선 유역의 기후변화 영향 검토를 위하여 IPCC에서 제시하고 있는 3개의 기후변화 시나리오(A2, A1B, B1)와 3개의 기후모형(CNRM, UKMO, IPSL)의 결과로 조합된 9개의 기후변화 시나리오를 구성하여 유역규모에서 기상자료를 생산하였다. 그리고 장기유출모형인 SWAT 모형을 구축하여 미래 유출량을 모의하였고 이의 자료를 물수지 모형인 K-WEAP 모형의 용수공급량에 대한 입력자료로 활용하였다. 그리고 수자원장기종합계획(2006)에서 제시하고 있는 고수요, 기준수요, 저수요에 대한 3개의 미래 물수요 시나리오를 통하여 유역의 수요 자료를 구성하였다. 따라서 총 27개의 기후변화-물수요 시나리오를 바탕으로 낙동강 유역에 대한 미래 물 부족량을 추정하였다. 2001-2050년 까지 약 50년 동안 모의기간에 대하여 현재(2001-2020년), 단기(2020-2030), 중기(2031-2040), 장기(2041-2050)로 구분하여 비교한 결과 낙동강 유역의 경우 미래 물 부족량이 지속적으로 증가할 것으로 예상되었다. 따라서 낙동강 유역의 경우 미래 가뭄에 대한 대응 또는 적응 계획을 마련해야 할 필요가 있다.