Transportation problem is an optimization problem. In general, it was studied under random or uncertain condition. Considering the recent complexity, it is not enough to make should be a perfect transportation plan only based on. Usually, there is not only uncertainty but also randomness in many systems. In this paper, the aim is to investigate a transportation problem under uncertain and random environment. As a result, a conceptual uncertain random model is proposed for the problem, where the supplies are considered as random variables, and the costs and the demands are uncertain variables. By minimizing the expected value of uncertain objective function and taking confidence levels on constraints, transforming the model into a crisp mathematical form is the main conclusion. By minimizing the expected value of uncertain objective function and taking confidence levels on constraints, the above model can be turned to a mathematical form. Then transforming the model into a typical mathematical programming model is the main conclusion by using uncertainty theory and probability theory. At the end, a numerical example is given to show the feasibility of the model.
The Wanpaoshan Incident that took place in 1931 and the tragic Anti-Chinese Riots that ensued in Korea had great repercussions in the three countries of East Asia. Writers in Korea, China and Japan fictionalized these events concurrently or a few years after the incident. In the other of publication, the novelette Manpozan (October 1931) by Ito Einesuke, a Japanese writer, the novel Wanpaoshan (March 1933) by Li Huiying of China, the novelette “Farmer” (July 1939) by Yi T’ae-Chun of Korea, novella Rice Plant (1941) by An Su-Kil of Korea and the novel Reclamation (1943) by Chang Hyŏk-Chu of Korea were major examples. This article, using four novels – Ito Einosuke’s Manpozan, Li Huiying’s Wanpaoshan, Yi T’ae-Chun’s “Farmer”, and An Su-Kil’s Rice Plant – as main texts, analyzed the ways in which writers from Korea, Japan and China fictionalized the Wanpaoshan Incident. The four novels dealing with the Wanpaoshan Incident were all written from different perspectives and thus the emphases were different as well. The writers responded differently, and we will show how the writer’s national identity, ideology, and the existence of experience and its depth were articulated in the fictionalization process of a literary work.