This study mainly focus on the development of secondary education in the period of China's New Culture Movement. Through the research on the problems and controversies of " the separation of liberal arts and practical courses of study", "second department system" and " the separation and elective course system" of secondary education experienced during the New Culture Movement period, this paper mainly discusses and studies the consequent adjustment and reform of education objectives, function, curriculum and teaching methods. Therefore, the reform of secondary education is a systematic project, which would be influenced and restricted by various social factors. And it should adapt to the requirements of economic and social development, as well as meeting people's requirements of educational fairness and quality education.