Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is a serious pest of stored products. We assessed the efficacy of combined application of Beauveria bassiana AAD16 and azadirachtin against P. interpunctella under laboratory conditions by using filter paper dipping method. P. interpunctella larvae showed lowest LT50 in combined application of AAD16 and azadirachtin compared to the application of only azadirachtin. The mycosis rate of P. interpunctella larvae was 100% after 14 days of the combined application while AAD16 only application showed 93%. These findings suggest that B. bassiana AAD16 and azadirachtin combined solution can be an effective controlling technique against P. interpunctella larvae.

Major pests of greenhouse strawberry include Tetranychus kanzawai (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) causing significant damage in both yield and quality. We compared control efficacy of two entomopathogenic fungus strains of Beauveria bassiana, AAD16 and GHA, against T. kanzawai and B. tabaci. Both fungus were applied as a foliar spray targeting the undersides of leaves. In preliminary studies in the laboratory, adult T. kanzawai and B. tabaci showed lower LT50 values when treated with AAD16 strain compared to GHA. In the greenhouse, the densities of the both mites (adult and nymph) and whiteflies (adult) were significantly reduced with the application of the two fungus strains compared to the control. The mycosis rate was 88-94% in T. kanzawai and 48-59% in B. tabaci on collected leaves. These findings suggest that Beauveria bassiana AAD16 can be an effective mycoinsecticide against both T. kanzawai and B. tabaci.

Soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura has been identified as a pest of soybean in Korea, Japan, and China. The use of synthetic chemical insecticides is a major option to manage this pest, but the demand for environmental-friendly insecticide is increasing. Entomopathogenic fungus is one of the alternatives which is safe for the environment. In this bioassay, leaf dipping method was used to evaluate Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin ARP14 and GHA. The mortality of both adults and nymphs was not significantly different between the two fungus strains. However, faster mortality rate in both life stages of aphid was found in ARP14 compared to GHA strain. Also, the mycosis rates of both adults and nymphs were higher in ARP14 than in GHA strain. Our results suggest that B. bassiana ARP14 can be an effective and an environmental-friendly control agent for A. glycines.

Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a major pest on strawberry, reducing both the quality and quantity of fruit production. We compared the virulence of an entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin ARP14 with a commercial GHA strain against T. kanzawai. In the laboratory, leaf dipping method was conducted while a one-time spray was carried out on selected planting units in strawberry greenhouse with each fungus strain and Triton X-100 as control. Adult T. kanzawai showed lower LT50 when treated with ARP14 strain compared to GHA in the laboratory. The densities of both adult and nymph mites in the greenhouse were significantly reduced in the treatment of two fungus strains compared to the control. The mycosis rate of T. kanzawai in greenhouse was 97.9% at 14 days when treated with ARP14 strain while it was 85.5% when treated with GHA strain. The results suggest that B. bassiana ARP14 can be an effective mycoinsecticide against T. kanzawai.

The ladybird beetles have been used as biological control agents against several pest species. The aim of this study is to evaluate the compatibility between ladybird beetles and an entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin AAD16. The virulence of AAD16 strain was compared with that of commercial GHA strain on three developmental stages of two coccinellids; Harmonia axyridis Pallas and Chilocorus stigma Say. The topical application method was used for both adult and larval stage while dipping method was used for egg stage. The LT50 and mycosis rate for all life stages of two ladybird beetles tested were not significant between AAD16 and GHA strain. In larval stage, the mycosis rates of H. axyridis and C. stigma were 36 and 40% and 63 and 60% in AAD16 and GHA strain. In adult stage, the mycosis rates of H. axyridis (male and female) and C. stigma (unsexed) were 20, 23, and 23% and 26, 30, and 30% in AAD16 and GHA strain, respectively. Therefore, the two predatory coccinellids could be compatible with these two fungus strains due to their relatively lower mycosis rate.