The affiliated islands of the Jeju area include, Udo, Biyangdo, Gapado, Marado, Chujado, and 55 uninhabited islands. In the case of the inhabited islands, affiliated with Jeju Province, a look at the distribution chart of industries among the villages, one will see types of villages which combine agriculture and fishing. Residents are engaged in agriculture and fishing, and live their lives based on the semi-formal village codes 향약1 Conflicts in the village are being resolved based on these village codes. The recent rapid influx of population has led to the collapse of the traditional village community and conflicts among villagers. The qualifications and rules of the village’s residents are strengthened through the use of each village’s code. This means that the entry barrier for qualifications and rules has increased. It can also lead to conflicts between migrants and villagers. The village has a culture to project. However, regulations and rules with high entry barriers can never be the answer. For the resolution of villages conflicts, village intermediate organizations such as the Women’s Association, Youth Association, Senior Citizens’Association, and heads of the neighborhoods are playing an important role in resolving conflict.

Jeju 4.3 refers to a seven year and seven month long period of events; from the 1947 Gwandeokjang Square incident on March 1st, 1947 at Buk Elementary, where a horsed police officer’s mistake lead to casualties that many citizens felt was inadequately investigated to September 21st, 1954, when the Geumjok area of Hallasan was fully opened, officially ending the lock down of Jeju Island. In Jeju, 4.3 was a taboo word. Jeju 4.3 slowly began to rise to the surface of discussion after the collapse of the Syngman Rhee regime in the April Revolution of 1960. In May 1960, the "April 3 Incident Fact-finding Committee," which was led by seven students from Jeju National University, became an organization and began the work of uncovering the truth about Jeju 4.3. In the literary world, Kim Seok-beom's "Hwasando" was published in 1976, and Hyun Ki-Young’s "Aunt Suni", which deals with the massacre in Bukchon was published in 1978, talked about the pain of Jeju 4.3. Later, the political communities tried to console the bereaved families who suffered from national violence through the enactment of the Jeju 4.3 Special Law. As of 2016, discussions on the revision of the Jeju April 3 Special Law were continuously raised and five revisions were submitted to the National Assembly, drawing keen attention from political circles. In the end, Jeju politicians, academia, and civic groups are still making efforts for amendment to be passed through the 21th National Assembly.

On September 4, 2018, Second Criminal Division of Korea Jeju District Court Judge, Mr. Chang Jegal decided that “Each retrial shall be initiated for the decision to be re-judged,” at 18 Jeju 4.3 Survivors retrial: Decision about Case: 2017 Inventory Hab-4 : Rebellious or Treasonous Actions and Violations of the National Defense and Security Act. As for A. Rebellious or Treasonous Actions B. Violations of the National Defense and Security Act. Defendant: Defendants are the same as listed in the appendix, Retrial Claimants: The Defendants, Counsel: The Law firm Haemaru (For the defendants), Lead Lawyers: Im Jae-sung & Kim Seeun, Judgement on the Retrial: The Following report on the Retrial judgement is as stated. Order : Each retrial shall be initiated for the decision to be re-judged. Reasons : 1. Basic Facts. The records of this case indicate that each of the following facts can be admitted: A. The petitioners are Jeju residents who were detained by the military and police during the fall of 1948 to July 1949 when the Jeju 4.3 Incident was under way, and were transported to a prison on the main land from December 1948 to July 1949, where they were imprisoned for a certain period of time after arriving. (Here after, According to Article 2, section 1 of the SPECIAL ACT ON DISCOVERING THE TRUTH OF THE JEJU 4·3 INCIDENT AND THE RESTORATION OF HONOR OF VICTIMS. The term "Jeju 4·3 Incident" means an incident in which the lives of inhabitants were sacrificed in the riot that arose on April 3, 1948 starting from March 1, 1947 and in the process of armed conflicts and suppression thereof that took place in Jeju-Do and the suppression thereof until September 21, 1954.) B. The records show that the claimants to deduce the basis for their transfer to the main land and imprisonment thereafter, include the names of the claimants, their age, occupation, residence, plea and verdict, adjudication date, sentence and confinement in prison, which are listed as one column for each of the petitioners. The documents are from the Registry of Convicted Persons from the 12th month of the year 4281 (1948) and the 7th month of the year 4282 (1949) & the criminal records of Claimants, Park, Park, Bu, Yang, Bang, Oh, Oh, Jeong, Jo, and Han. In addition, as part of the fact-finding investigation into the reasons for the appeal, documents related to the execution of military enforcement orders or reduction of sentences for some of the petitioners, which were obtained through fact-finding and document-transfer requests from the National Archives and other related agencies. Beyond these, documents that can directly confirm the original judgement concerning the claimants, such as the indictments, records of trial and ruling, prison transfers and other prison records have yet to be discovered.

Starting in 1990, the Jeju Branch of Teachers conducted a 4.3 history trip for the nation’s teachers. Discussion of 4.3 used to be prohibited but with the rise of conscious history teachers, they started to share the sites of pain from 4.3 along with sites of pain from modern history. Starting in 2001, Nationwide 4.3 joint classes were implemented; 4.3 learning CDs were produced and distributed to classrooms and other learning sites which cause a lot of friction with the Office of Education. It was painful but the groundwork for 4.3 education was being laid. In 2003, The Provincial Office of Education published “Jeju 4.3 Incident Education Materials: Overcoming Pain and talking of Peace” which provided an opportunity for teachers to officially educate about 4.3. After this in 2008, The third edition of “Overcoming 4.3’s pain and talking of Peace” Teaching materials for Elementary school students, Middle school students, and teachers and the 4.3 Damage Report were published. However, for eight years, 4.3 Educational materials have not been issued.

The National Museum of Taiwan History is holding a special exhibition titled: “Our 2.28: 70 Years After the 2.28 Incident”. The creation of this exhibition coincided with a push to get 2.28 registered as an UNESCO Memory of the World. With the continued development and recognition of the history of Taiwan 2.28 has led to the question about how to educate people about the events, especially their own students. In this paper, an introductory investigation into how various countries handles the teaching of state-sponsored tragic events to their students.