This empirical analysis investigates the impact of consultant competency and project manager (PM) competency on business performance. Two hundred and twenty four chief executive officers and executive members at small and medium sized firms in the manufacturing sector were surveyed, yielding several outcomes. First, consultant competency positively affects consulting performance. Second, consultant competency positively affects business performance. Third, PM competency does not have a significant influence on consulting performance. Fourth, PM competency does not have a significant impact on business performance. Fifth, consulting performance does not have a significant effect on business performance. Finally, regarding the mediation effect of consulting performance on the influence of consultant competency and PM competency on business performance, consulting performance had no significant impact. Thus, expertise and insight are crucial for a consulting business to enable the growth of professional consultants. Furthermore, this study is expected to enhance the consulting performance of small and medium sized manufacturing firms by providing useful data to consultants and project managers when carrying out consulting projects.

Modern men are much more interested in their appearance than ever before, as well as showing an increased need for uniqueness in order to construct their own sphere and pursue differentiation from others. Besides, changes in life style and the aesthetic sense are causing men to pursue various kinds of clothing benefits so that they want a suit with characteristics beyond the stereotyped design and style. They have started to be actively engaged in clothing purchases, forming a driving force for the growth of the male suit market. Hence, this study has significance in that it offers data conducive to consumers’ custom suit purchase by reviewing data on the present condition of the custom suit market and bespoke suits. In addition, it aims to give a summary on the theoretical bases of preceding studies, including the need for uniqueness, pursuit of clothing benefit and concern for the appearance of male consumers, as well as examining the factors that influence on their bespoke suit purchase intentions. Accordingly, this work intends to construct a basic environment for consumers to approach the custom suit market easily and pave the way for male suit markets through offering marketing data and information that is helpful for custom suit-related markets.

This study was conducted to investigate exact life cycle and Parnassius bremeri’s response to heat shock stress from 2012 to 2016 in Holoce Ecosystem Conservation Research Institution through captive breeding. About 16 days(15.7±0.3days) later embryo in eggs were developed as pharate first instar and the eggs of Parnassius bremeri possessed the ability to undergo an extended aestivation hosting a fully developed pharate 1st instar larvae within the chorion. Pharate 1st instar in egg hatched from late in November to early in December about 194 days(194.3±1.1days) later. All pharate 1st instar in egg and out of egg survived at 25℃, 35℃. In case of 45℃ survival rate of pharate 1st instar in an egg (93.8±6.3%) was significantly higher than those (22.2±10%) of pharate 1st instar out of an egg. All was dead at 47.5, 50, 52.5 and 55℃.

Egg SCP ( –47.2 ±1.0℃) of Red-spotted Apollo butterfly, Parnassius bremeri, was lower than larva(–35.0 ±0.9℃). The difference (12℃) between egg and larva was revealed by chorion through scanning electron microscope (COXEM EM-30, Korea). But considering of about 6 months’ pharate 1st instar in egg from June to November, function of egg seems not to be overwintering mechanism but rather estivation. In order to identify estivation function of chorion heat stress was carried out. Experiment was conducted on the 4 conditions such as high temperatures of 25, 35, 45 and 55 °C for 2 hour, then allowed them to recover at 25 °C for 1 hour. Total 65 samples 0f 31 eggs and 34 pharate 1st instar out of an egg were used and replicated 3 times. All pharate 1st instar in egg and pharate 1st instar out of egg survived at 25℃ and 35℃. In case of 45℃ survival rate of pharate 1st instar in an egg (91.6±3.5%) was significantly higher than those (37.8±9.4%) of pharate 1st instar out of an egg. All was dead at 55℃.