This study investigates how clothing hygiene has been covered and framed in Korean news articles published between January 1, 1960, and August 31, 2025. A total of 437 articles were collected from the official websites and digital archives of four major daily newspapers (KyungHyang, The Dong-A Ilbo, The Chosun Daily, and The JoongAng). Term frequency (TF), term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), and n-gram analyses were conducted in R and complemented with qualitative keyword-in-context reading. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling (k=5) was also performed to identify major topics and their trends across periods. Findings indicate a recurring configuration in which (1) risk visibility shapes problem framing, (2) solution-oriented innovations in technologies, products, and services are proposed, (3) reporting expands to include consumer-oriented information on choosing and using solutions, and (4) governance through rules, certification, and third-party verification legitimizes claims and reallocates responsibility. Early coverage focused on household practices—laundering, drying, and sunlight disinfection—to manage humidity, odor, mold, and skin diseases. From the 1980s onward, functional and antibacterial textiles and institutional interventions (e.g., scrutiny of laundry services and regulatory or certification schemes) became more prominent. In the 2010s and from 2020 to August 2025, appliance-centered solutions —garment care appliances, dryers, and washing machines—dominated, with growing emphasis on smart, AI-enabled functions, alongside debates over sterilization claims and chemical safety. Overall, responsibility shifted from individual households toward a broader socio-technical network of firms, service providers, certifiers, regulators, and consumers.

The purpose of this study is to suggest effective online pedagogical strategies for a fashion design CAD course to enhance student learning and satisfaction. The study investigated student experience of online learning and compared online learning with a face-to-face learning experience. Student concentration, participation, perceptions of effectiveness of teaching, utilization of learning materials, and satisfaction were analyzed using a 5-point Likert scale. Advantages and disadvantages of online learning as well as advantages of face-to-face learning were also analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Student concentration, participation, and perception of effectiveness of teaching were greater for face-to-face learning with significantly higher concentration on individual practice. Students utilized video recording of synchronous online lectures more actively than PDF lecture notes. The advantages of face-to-face learning were plentiful communication and feedback and easy questioning process as well as high levels of understanding and concentration. Meanwhile, major disadvantages of online learning were the speed of the lecture, lower levels of understanding and concentration, limited peer interaction, and technical problems. Major advantages of online learning were flexibility and convenience, repetitive learning through videos, and instant communication and feedback. Students preferred a blended learning approach for the fashion design CAD course. For effective online learning, it is suggested that instructors frequently question and check student practice through screen share in a private online meeting room and engage activities that are demanding of student interaction. The video recording of synchronous online lectures is also suggested as a supplemental learning material for repetitive learning.

This study analyzes the images of models in womenswear advertisements targeting women in their fifties. The goals of this study are: 1) to investigate beauty ideals for middle-aged women by analyzing models’ look age, chronological age, wrinkles, gray hair, hair length, body type, and race; and 2) to explore how ageing is dealt with in advertisements by analyzing the range of bodies shown in advertisements, the color mode of photographs, and the clarity of models’ figures in relation to models’ look ages. A total of 155 printed advertisements from January 2012 to January 2017 from the brands Daks Ladies, Lebeige, Luciano Choi, PAT, and Zishen were selected for analysis. Womenswear brands targeting middle-aged women reinforce cultural ideals of female beauty that emphasize youth and slenderness. They do this by using thin and slender models, who most often appear to be in their twenties and thirties, and have hair longer than their shoulders. Brands with higher price ranges show a preference for Caucasian models, which reveals that a Caucasian identity is associated with sophistication. In addition, the bodies of models who appear to be in their forties and fifties were concealed by framing photographs mostly above the knees. Older models’ features were also obscured via the use of black and white photography, strong lighting and contrast, and digital editing that blurred the boundaries between figures and their backgrounds. These decisions for how to represent models could result in negative self-esteem and a denial of the symptoms of ageing among middle-aged women.