Temperature is a crucial environmental factor for rice cultivation due to the climate change and can influence the rice growth and development. Therefore, the effect of temperature on plant growth characters was examined during the vegetative growth stage. Plants were grown under three different temperatures: 23°C/13°C for 18°C, 26°C/16°C for 21°C and 29°C/19°C for 24°C in the phytotron. The temperature was treated after transplanting and ended in early panicle initiation stage. Heading date of the two varieties were strongly affected by the temperature and were delayed in the 18°C. The plant height in the 18°C was 21 % shorter than the 21°C and 24°C and the tiller and leaf number were increased in the 18°C. All the growth rates of the characters were the slowest in 18°C. The stem dry weight was significantly increased in 18°C. Nitrogen content was increased in the leaves of 18°C whereas available phosphate and potassium contents was found to be increased in the stems of 21°C and 24°C. OsNRT2.1 was overexpressed in the leaves and stems of 18°C and OsNRT2.3a could be expressed in 18°C and 21°C temperatures whereas more expressed in 21°C. OsPT1 and OsPT6 could be expressed in the leaf of 18°C and 24°C but could be expressed more in the stem of 18°C. OsHAK1 and OsHAK5 could be overexpressed in the leaves and stems of 18°C. For hormone, OsCKX2 gene was found to be up regulated in the leaves of 18°C and OsIAA1 gene could expressed more in the stem of 24°C.

본 조사는 일본의 쌀 검사 제도와 품위 등급 규격에 대한 동향을 살펴보고 그에 따른 내용을 파악하여 국내 쌀 산업 발 전 방향에 도움이 될 수 있는 방안을 모색하고자 수행하였다. 1. 농업 경쟁력 강화 프로그램으로 2016년부터는 농산물 규격 검사의 간소화로 최근에는 곡물 검사장에 곡물 판별기를 활용하여 뉘, 맥류, 뉘 이외 곡물 등을 이종 곡립으로 통합하여 5% 이내로 개정하였다. 2. 쌀에 대한 손실 방지를 위해 정미의 포장 표시를 년·월· 일 표시에서 상·중·하순으로 개정하였다. 3. 일본은 매년 생산된 현미 품위 생산량과 등급 비율을 공개 하고 있으며, 1등급 쌀을 대상으로 식미 랭킹을 선정하고 있다.