Monochamus saltuarius is one of the insect vector of pine wilt disease with Monochamus alternatus. The present study aimed to investigate the dose to induce sterile and the effect of sterility according to the gender of M. saltuarius. As the electron beam irradiation dose increased, the hatchability, adult eclosion rate and longevity of the former mid and late maturation feeding stage of adults was slightly reduced. However, there was no difference between these two adults. In addition, female adults were more sensitive to the electron beam than the male adults. Hatchability of the F1 generation of ♂T × ♀N o r♀T × ♂N (T: 200 Gy electron beam irradiation, N: 0 Gy) was completely suppressed. As electron beam irradiation dose increased, the fecundity of female adults were slightly decreased. Results by comet assay showed that electron beam irradiation induced as dose increased DNA damage in M. saltuarius adults. These results suggest that SIT using electron beam may be useful for control of M. saltuarius.

Monochamus alternatus is one of the insect vector of pine wilt disease with Monochamus saltuarius. The present study aimed to investigate the dose to induce sterile and the effect of sterility according to the gender of M. alternatus. As the electron beam irradiation dose increased, the longevity of the mid and late maturation feeding stage of adults was slightly reduced. However, there was no difference between these two adults. In addition, female adults were more sensitive to the electron beam than the male adults. Hatchability of the F1 generation of ♂T×♀N or ♀T×♂N (T: 200 Gy electron beam irradiation, N: 0 Gy) was completely suppressed. As electron beam irradiation dose increased, the fecundity of female adults were slightly decreased. Results by comet assay showed that electron beam irradiation induced as dose increased DNA damage in M. alternatus adults. These results suggest that SIT using electron beam may be useful for control of M. alternatus.

Neurotrophic factors are essential to maintain and organize neurons functionally; thereby neurotrophic factor-like substances or their inducers are expected to be applied to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as stroke. In the present study, we firstly examined the effects of ethanol extracts of Hericium erinaceus (HE, Yamabushitake), on nerve growth factor expression in neuronal cells. HE extract promoted NGF expression in a brain tissue. Here we assessed neuroprotective effects of HE with a transient global cerebral ischemia model. Global cerebral ischemia was induced by occluding both common carotid arteries. Treatment with HE was initiated after ischemia induction and given once a day for 7 consecutive days. Neuronal cell loss in CA1 of hippocampus was significantly decreased and the performance in the Morris water maze was significantly improved in rats administered HE. We conclude that treatment with HE attenuated learning and memory deficits, motor functional disability, and neuronal cell loss induced by global cerebral ischemia. These results suggest that HE may be a potential candidate for the treatment of vascular dementia.