기초연구 분야는 정부의 적극적인 지원으로 양적 확대가 큰 폭으로 이루어지는 반면, 체계적인 투자계획이나 데이터에 기반한 재정소요를 제시하는 연구 및 정책자료가 전 무하여 관련 연구가 요구되는 시점이다. 이에 본 연구는 시계열 예측모형을 활용하여 기초연 구지원사업의 향후 재정소요를 전망하였다. 기초연구분야의 특성을 포함한 다양한 요인들을 종합적으로 고려하기 위하여 시간에 따른 단일 종속변수의 값을 예측하는 ARIMA 모형이 아닌, 다변수의 영향을 반영할 수 있는 ARIMAX 모형을 선택하였다. 모형 적합성 판단을 위 해 ARIMAX 모형과 ARIMA 모형의 예측값을 비교한 결과 ARIMAX 모형에서 예측오차율 이 개선됨을 확인하였다. ARIMAX 모형에 기반하여 2017년에서 2021년까지 5년 간의 기초 연구지원사업 재정소요를 전망하였다. 본 연구는 기초연구지원사업의 재정소요를 통계적 접 근방법인 시계열모형을 적용해 전망한 시범적 연구를 수행하였다는 점과, 단변량이 아닌 다 변량을 고려하여 예측력을 개선했다는 점에서 의의를 지닌다. 또한 현 정부 국정과제인 ‘기 초연구 예산 2배 확대’ 등 기초연구 투자의 중요성이 꾸준히 강조되는 정책기조를 고려할 때 향후 기초연구 투자전략 수립 시 참고자료로 활용 될 수 있다.

3세대 방사광가속기는 기초 및 응용과학분야의 최첨단연구에 활용하여 우리나 라 기초과학 연구의 활성화에 기여한다는 목적으로 운영되고 있으며, 그 구축 및 운영을 위 해 2016년까지 30년에 가까운 기간 동안 총 7,879억 원 가량이 투입된 거대연구시설이다. 3세 대 방사광가속기 정책과 관련하여 가속기의 필요성이나 효과성에 대해 다양한 평가가 있어 왔지만 대체로 현재 시점의 성공적 결과를 강조하며 향후 정부의 지속적 지원 필요성을 피력 하거나 정책적 개선방안을 포괄적인 차원에서 제시하는 연구들이 주를 이루며, 이 사업이 시 기별로 어떠한 정책적 평가를 받았는지 살펴보고 그 결과가 어디에서 기인하는지 체계적으 로 분석한 연구는 전무하다. 본 연구에서는 3세대 방사광가속기 사업을 시기별로 구분하여 평가하되, 분석기준으로 정책활동의 다섯 가지 기준을 고려하였다. 장기간 진행되는 대형연 구시설 정책을 시기별로 나누어 살펴봄으로써 방사광가속기 및 유사 대형연구시설의 구축과 운영에 있어서 요구되는 정책활동의 원리와 관련된 정책적 시사점을 제시하고자 하였다.

Previously we have shown that human abdominal adipose derived-stem cells (ADSCs) could aggregate during the high-density culture in the presence of human serum (HS). In the present study, we observed that human cord blood serum (CBS) and follicular fluid (HFF) also induced aggregation. Similarly, porcine serum could induce aggregation whereas bovine and sheep sera induced little aggregation. qRT-PCR analyses demonstrated that, compared to FBS-cultured ADSCs, HScultured cells exhibited higher level of mRNA expression of CLDN3, -6, -7, -15, and -16 genes among the tight junction proteins. ADSCs examined at the time of aggregation by culture with HS, BSA, HFF, CBS, or porcine serum showed significantly higher level of mRNA expression of JAM2 among JAM family members. In contrast, cells cultured in FBS, bovine serum or sheep serum, showed lower level of JAM2 expression. Immunocytochemical analyses demonstrated that the aggregates of HS-cultured cells (HS-Agg) showed intense staining against the anti-JAM2 antibody whereas neither nonaggregated cells (HS-Ex) nor FBS-cultured cells exhibited weak staining. Western blot results showed that HS-Agg expressed JAM2 protein more prominently than HS-Ex and FBS-cultured cells, both of latter reveled weaker intensity. These results suggest that the aggregation property of ADSCs during high-density culture would be dependent on the specific components of serum, and that JAM2 molecule could play a role in the animal sera-induced aggregation in vitro.

Human serum (HS) has been reported to induce aggregation of human eyelid adipose-derived stem cells (HEACs) during high-density culture in vitro. The present study focused on the role of cell adhesion molecules and gelatinases during HS-induced aggregation of HEACs. HS-induced aggregation occurred between 9-15 days of culture. Cells aggregated by HS medium (HS-agg) showed stronger expression of α2, α2B, αX, and CEACAM1 genes compared to non-aggregated cells in HS medium (HS-ex) or in control FBS-cultured cells. HS-agg were distinctly labeled with antibodies against α2, α2B, and αX proteins. Western blot results demonstrated that the two integrin proteins were greatly expressed in HS-agg compared to HS-ex and control FBS-cultured cells. Treatment of HEACs with anti-integrin α2 antibody during culture in HS medium delayed aggregation formation. HS-agg exhibited strong expression of MMP1 and MMP9 compared to HS-ex or FBS-cultured cells. Conditioned media from HS-culture showed remarkable increase of MMP9 gelatinolytic activity in comparison to those from FBS-culture. However, there was no change of TIMP mRNA expression in relation to the HS-induced aggregation. Based on these results, it is suggested that integrin α2, α2B, and αX, and MMP9 might play an important role in the HS-induced aggregation of HEACs.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are of great interest for cell-based therapies and tissue engineering approaches, as these cells are capable for extensive self-renewal and display a multilineage differentiation potential. Clinical application of these cells for degenerative and age-related diseases has been accumulating. However, preparation of MSC before the onset of the diseases, it needs to develop the cryopreservation method. Most cryopreservation methods include fetal bovine serum (FBS) which is essential for effective cryopreservation. Yet it should not be used clinically because of the potential risk of infection. In the present study, we investigated whether human serum albumin (HSA), human serum (HS), and knockout serum replacement (KSR) can be used as an alternative of FBS for cryopreservation of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSC). Cells cryopreserved with 9% HSA showed much higher viability after thawing compared with cells frozen with 5% or 1% HSA. Cells cryopreserved with 90% HS or KSR exhibited greater viability than cells frozen with 25% and 5% HS or KSR, respectively. Viability of cells frozen with 9% HSA, 90% HS or 90% KSR was comparable to that with 90% FBS. Morphology and proliferation ability of these cells were not affected by cryopreservation when compared the freshly obtained cells. Cryopreserved hADSC expressed transcription factor genes including Oct3/4, Nanog, Nestin and Sox2, which are related to the self-renewal of stem cells. Flow cytometric analyses showed that both fresh and cryopreserved hADSC were positive for the antigens of HLA-ABC, CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105, CD166, and negative for HLA-DR, CD31, and CD34. Similar to fresh cells, cryopreserved hADSC could differentiate into mesodermal lineages, adipogenic, osteogenic, or chondrogenic cells. These results suggest that 9% HSA, 90% HS or 90% KSR can be used to replace FBS during successful cryopreservation of hADSC.

The human eyelid adipose-derived stem cells (HEACs) are known as a candidate source for stem cell-based therapy. HEACs possess the ability to proliferate in vitro and multipotency to differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic cells. To be used later than the time of collection, a long-term storage is needed. In this study, we investigated stem cell characteristics after cryopreservation of HEACs for 6 months and 1 year in liquid nitrogen. Frozen-thawed stem cells have shown that cumulative cell and doubling numbers were similar to those of fresh HEACs. After thawing, HEACs expressed stem cell-related genes of SCF, NANOG, OCT4, and TERT, ectoderm-related genes of NCAM and FGF5, mesoderm/endoderm-related genes of CK18 and VIM. They also consistently expressed transcripts of the immune-related genes of HLA-ABC and β2M. To induce mesodermal differentiation, cell were cultivated in adipogenic, osteogenic or chondrogenic medium for 2～3 weeks. After each differentiation culture, HEACs expressed adipocyte-, osteocyte- and chondrocytespecific genes. They were also stained with Oil red O, von Kossa, or alcian blue, revealing adipogenic, osteogenic, or chondrogenic character, respectively. The results suggest that long-term storage up to 1 year do not affect their biological properties, HEACs may be suitable for clinical application on cell-based therapies.