This study is a substantive, qualitative survey targeting 500 high school students to discern the television and Internet media viewing behavior of secondary schools in a populous area such as Niigata City and Nagaoka City where presumably provides different sociological backgrounds and levels . The purposes of the study are a) to basically discern the major media viewing behavior of students, b) to examine the significance of the Cellular phone novels (KEITAI novels) in education from the perspective of media literacy based on the examining the effectiveness of KEITAI novels as teaching materials for educational guidelines. The survey results showed that students used the Internet mainly through their cellular phones. For both television and Internet viewing, the study showed a couple of unintentional tendencies: i) students avoid talking with friends about viewing their favorite media, ii) students wrap themselves in their media viewing depending on the situation and place. The usage of cellular phones in Japanese high schools seems ubiquitous. Students prefer reading using cellular phones. Cellular phone novels (Keitai novels) are widely read in Japan.

[ ] powders were thermally sprayed onto mild steel substrates in air and under a reduced pressure of argon. Several oxides were formed after thermally-spraying the mechanically-alloyed powders in air. After spraying in a reduced pressure of argon, the coating layers obtained from the gently mixed powders consisted of the elemental metals, but an amorphous phase primarily appeared in the thermally-sprayed mechanically-alloyed powders, which transformed into the icosahedral quasicrystal phase and a minor crystal phase after annealing at 828 K. The Vickers hardness and the contact angle with pure water for the quasicrystal layers were about 7 GPa and respectively.