Malaria is notorious disease to transmitted by Anopheline mosquitoes. In Korea, Plasmodium vivax malaria was re-introduce in 1993 and exceed to more than 4,000 cases in early 2000s. Based upon our control efforts, it was sharply decreased and diagnosis 576 cases in last year. We made Action Plan in this year for certification of malaria elimination by WHO until year 2024. In this plan, we need to strengthen our capacity of vector surveillance and control. For vector surveillance, we will introduce daily mosquito population monitoring system. In 2020, every malaria high risk area install two mosquito counters and send information to main server. For vector control, we will try building capacity of malaria mosquito control people in the Public Health center and military section. To decrease no. of mosquitoes, we will concentrate our resource to cattle shed, which is main blood source of Anopheline mosquitoes. Based on the ecological characteristic of Anopheline, we will adopt Integrate Vector management (IVM) including physical, chemical and biological method. Based on the reconciliation with North Korea, we will support technical and material support for malaria elimination.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) belong to cell membrane protein family, which regulate various physiological process such as reproduction, behavior and immune etc. In other to identify the GPCRs in pheromone gland of Maruca vitrata, we carried out transcriptome analysis from both females. Transcriptome analysis in the pheromone gland yielded approximately 22Gb and 47,528 transcripts showed positive FPKM value. 48 Genes involved in GPCRs were identified such as pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide receptor (PBANr), prostaglandin receptors, neuropeptide receptor, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor, galanin receptor, calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor, diuretic hormone receptor, gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor, frizzled and orphan receptors, etc. Various expression of GPCRs in the pheromone gland indicates the role of pheromone gland may not be limited to the production of pheromone.

Pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN) produced in the suboesophageal ganglion stimulates pheromone biosynthesis in the pheromone gland, mediating sexual behaviors. Based on the transcriptome of the head, PBAN in the legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata, was identified. To examine the pheromonotropic activity of PBAN in the legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata, a PBAN (Mvi-PBAN) was synthesized. When female adults were injected with a synthetic Mvi-PBAN, pheromone production showed a maximal increase 2 h post-injection. PBAN was expressed in all examined tissues and developmental stages. In contrast, PBAN receptor (PBANr) was detected in the female tissues and all developmental stages except for adult male. In addition, two types of PBANr were identified from the transcriptome of the pheromone gland, suggesting that the molecular signal on the pheromone gland may transduce via PBANr.