Telomeres at the end of the eukaryotic chromosomes consist of tandem repeats of (TTAGGG)n DNA sequence and shelter in protein complex. Telomeres have the essential functions in chromosome stability and genome integrity and are hence related to cell senescence and cancer. Stripped, Black and White Cattle (Endangered Korean Native Cattle) characterized by their coat color, live in the Korean peninsula. However, they are endangered, with very small populations remaining. To investigate the karyotypic pattern of chromosome and also to quantify the amount of telomeric DNA was carried out from the traditional Korean beef cattle species, HanWoo and endangered cattle bull. We quantified the amount of telomeric DNA by the Quantitative-Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (Q-FISH) technique using the telomeric DNA probe and chromosome analysis of lymphocytes was carried out using GTG-banding in 9 bull at age of 18 months. In results, we found that the normal (60, XY) male karyotype were detected in metaphase chromosomes from korean native cattle including Hanwoo, Stripped, Black and White cattle, respectively. In addition, there were no significant differences in the relative amount of telomeric DNA among the korean cattle bull. However, the relative amount of telomeric DNA of Hanwoo was slightly higher than that of White cattle. In conclusion, this study reported karytype and the amount of telomeric DNA which could serve as baseline information for comparison in conditions of physiological and health status of endangered Korean native cattle. Although we have no definitive explanations as to why this occurs, further investigations are needed to continue investigation of these animals throughout their life spans.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of applying alum (aluminum sulfate) and aluminum chloride on pH and pathogen populations of Hanwoo manure. A total of 36 steers (8 months old and averaging 300 kg in weight) were used in this trial and allotted to 9 pens (3 replication pens per group with 4 steers per experimental unit, 5 x 8 m). Chemical additives were applied as a top dressing with garden rake to a depth of 1 cm of manure with wood shavings in each treatment. The chemical amendments were control (without chemical amendments), 50 g of alum and 50 g of aluminum chloride/kg of Hanwoo manure. The experiment was carried out for 4 weeks. Adding alum and aluminum chloride to Hanwoo manure reduced (P < 0.05) pH compared to untreated controls during the 4-wk period. Both levels of the alum and aluminum chloride treatments tested decreased (P < 0.05) Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica populations in Hanwoo manure at 2 and 4 weeks. It appears that the reduction in pathogen populations was primarily associated with the lower manure pH. If more strict environmental regulations are put into effect regarding pathogen populations from Hanwoo facilities, treating Hanwoo manure with alum and aluminum chloride may be a good management practice.

본 연구는 수정란 이식에 의해 생산된 울릉칡소의 모색분포의 조사를 통해 울릉칡소의 모색 고정에 필요한 기초자료로 활용하고자 실시하였다. 1. 울릉칡소의 모색 분포는 황모 24.3%(67/276두), 흑모 13.0%(36/276두)와 호반모 62.7% (173/276두)의 분포를 보였으며, 입식우의 호반모 출현율이 66%(105/159두)로 관내이식에 의해 생산된 칡소의 호반모 비율 58.1%(68/117두)보다 다소 높은 경향이었다. 2. 성별에 따른