The logic premise and discipline foundation of the construction of Chinese graphology are the unique attributes of the Chinese character system. The most basic feature of the Chinese character is “single character”. The number of “single characters” is as many as hundreds, and their long-history uninterrupted use makes the standardization of the Chinese characters quite essential. The essence of Chinese characters system is ideographic .While the function of single characters or isolated language structure, as recorded in the process of Chinese characters using history, is sometimes to differentiate, which can be taken as a complement with grammatical means. Based on this, Chinese graphology has its independent research object and scope that is the structure ontology and the structure use. This provides that the Chinese character is not only a basic discipline, but also an applied discipline. Under certain historical conditions, it can even become a “famous school”. The research of Chinese characters will inevitably involve two levels, the body and the use of the characters. Phonography does not have such attributes as Chinese characters, so it can not be a specific object of study. As a phonetic character, the number must be very limited, and can be marked for all words. The definition of the properties of the character is unclear, and the object and scope of study is vague, which makes the study of the relations between “Chinese character” and “words” a problem during the process of Chinese characters study.