Even though Summary of Chinese Historical Lexicology by Jiang Shao Yu is the most important theoretical achievement both of Chinese lexicology in general and of the contemporary one, there are some points to be discussed in a more detailed manner. Of them is that of the absolute synonym such as ‘zhou’ (舟) and ‘chuan’ (船). Considering it worth discussing, this paper holds that ‘chuan’ (船) began in the early and middle stage of Warring States Period, not in the late one of it. For, the use cases of ‘chuan’ (船) in the literature of the middle and late stage of Warring States Period increased, and the frequency ratio of ‘zhou’ (舟) and ‘chuan’ (船) changed in those stages. They are general synonyms rather than absolute synonyms because the former means not merely the boat but also the big boat as in ‘long zhou’ (龍 舟), ‘da zhou’ (大舟) and ‘ju zhou’ (巨舟). Instead of ‘zhou’ (舟) itself referring to the big boat, the meaning of ‘zhou’ (舟) is still the boat, and ‘zhou’ (舟) and ‘chuan’ (船) constitute synonyms in the meaning of the boat, which indicates that the meaning of size comes from its modifying elements.

Zheng Su Wen is an important colloquial dictionary written by Hao Yixing in the Qing Dynasty. It is the part of foreign words in the last two volumes that specially makes significantly differences from other dictionaries which also specialized in collecting common words. At present, its value has been found, but comprehensive description and investigation are still rare. Therefore, this paper makes a detailed survey of the two volumes of collected words and described them from the basic situation, regional distribution, vocabulary source and historical stages. And it also observes Hao’s interpretation, citation and textual research of foreign words, so as to summarize their characteristics which are as follows: firstly, these foreign words are influenced by regions and Buddhist culture; secondly, bibliography of these words covers a wide range of both Chinese history and domestic and foreign regions; thirdly, Kangxi Dictionary may closely be related to them. Lastly, this paper divides words into two categories according to whether the dictionary and other dictionaries are included as a judgment standard. Some words should be emphasized in the future, while some words should also be supplemented and demonstrated.

스웨덴 룬드대학은 중국어 교육의 주요 기지이며, 중문과 전공의 초급 단계 학 생들은 중국어 교육에 있어서 10년이 넘게 『初級漢語』라는 자신들이 편찬한 교 재를 사용함으로써 학습 동기를 유발하고, 스웨덴어와 중국어를 서로 참고할 수 있도록 하였다. 통계에 따르면, 『漢語水準詞彙與漢字等級大綱』의 갑급 단어와 비교해 본 결 과, 약 41%의 갑급 단어가 『初級漢語』에 보이지 않는다. 『初級漢語』의 단어가 이렇게 된 이유는 한자의 출현 순서에 따라 본문의 내용을 따라갈 뿐, 『漢語水準詞彙與漢字等級大綱』의 단어 등급과 한자 등급을 따르지 않기 때문이다. 이외에 도 전문적인 한자과목이 개설되지 않았기 때문에 학생들은 한자의 규칙을 학습하 는데 매우 어려움을 느끼고 있으며, 이로 인해 학생들의 중국어 능력을 향상시키 는데 일정 정도의 어려움이 있다. 본고는 비한자문화권 초급 단계 학생들에게 어휘와 한자를 교육하는 방법을 제 시함으로써, 향후 비한자문화권 학생들의 중국어 학습에 있어 보다 효과적인 어휘와 한자 교육에 대해 토의하는 계기가 되고자 한다.