The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of chronic diseases according to obesity in the elderly older than age 65 using data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016~2018). The subjects of the survey were 3,245 elderly older than age 65 who participated in the health survey and nutrition survey, 45.8% of the subjects were males and 54.2% of the subjects were female. 37.5% of all the elderly were obese, and the females (42.4%) were more obese than the males (31.8%) (p<0.001). Diabetes, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia had a similar prevalence of 24.6%, 63.0%, and 12.7% in males and females, respectively. Hypercholesterolemia was higher in the elderly females (44.2%) than in the elderly males (24.9%) (p<0.001). Through the logistic regression analysis, it was found that the prevalence of chronic diseases was higher in obesity than normal in elderly males and females (p<0.001). The total food intake increased from ‘under weight’ to ‘obesity’ in males (p<0.01) and females (p<0.001). In the case of the elderly males, the higher the degree of obesity, the higher the energy intake (p<0.05), and ‘pre-obesity’ consumed the most energy in elderly females. As a result of this study, the higher the obesity rate of the elderly, the higher the prevalence of chronic diseases.

The purpose of this study was to compare the validity of obesity indices among the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and body fat percentage (BF%), and to determine which is the most useful index to predict the risk of chronic diseases of elderly people. This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study at welfare centers in Seoul. The total number of subjects was 261 (68 men and 193 women) with age ≥60 years. The distribution of obesity using 3 obesity indices in the subjects with hypertension, diabetes, or arthritis was BF%>WC>BMI in elderly men and WC>BF%>BMI in elderly women. In elderly women, odds ratios (ORs) for hypertension in BMI and WC quartiles were significantly increased in quartile 2 and 3 (p<0.05). The ORs for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and arthritis in BF% quartiles were significantly increased in quartile 3 and 4 (p<0.05). The BF% was sensitive obesity index for predicting the occurrence of chronic disease in men, and the WC was sensitive index in women. Our results suggested maintaining BMI less than 23.5 kg/m2, WC less than 82 cm, and BF less than 35% in order to prevent chronic diseases in elderly women.

목적 : 도시와 농촌 간 만성질환이 있는 65세 이상의 노인을 대상으로 일반적 특성에 따른 신체활동 실천율과 신체활동에 따른 삶의 질 차이를 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법 : 만성질환을 갖고 있는 65세 이상 노인 1,039명을 연구 대상으로 하였다. 신체활동으로는 걷기, 유연성 운동,근력 운동을 조사하였고, 삶의 질은 EQ-5D (Euroqol-5 dimension)를 사용하여 삶의 질에 대한 자료를 수집하여 분석하였다. 결과 : 신체활동 실천율은 도시의 경우 연령, 성별, 배우자, 주택유형, 소득수준, 교육수준에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였고, 농촌의 경우 주택유형과 교육수준에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다. 삶의 질에서, 도시의 경우는 걷기, 유연성 운동, 근력 운동을 실천 한 군의 운동능력, 자기관리, 일상생활활동, 통증/불편 영역에서 유의한 차이를 보였고, 농촌의 경우는 걷기를 실천 한 군의 운동능력에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 결론 : 도시와 농촌 모두 만성질환 노인의 신체활동 실천율은 낮은 편이었고, 특히 도시보다 농촌에 거주하는 만성질환 노인의 신체활동 실천율이 더욱 낮게 나타났다. 만성질환노인의 신체적 기능을 높이고, 삶의 질에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있는 신체활동의 중요성에 대한 인식이 필요하다.

This study examined the effects of the fragrance of lemons on increasing concentration and decreasing stress in the in the elderly with geriatric disease in a nursing home. This study was conducted 24times from Jan15. 2004 to July22. 2004 The program was distinguished between the group of control and lemon treatment. The group of control was conducted just horticultural therapy. The group of lemon treatment was run parallel horticultural therapy with the treatment of fragrance of lemons. Blood pressure was measured to distinguish between hypertension and hypotension. The result of hypertension people in the group of control was that systolic blood pressure was 134.3 as average before horticultural therapy and 134 after horticultural therapy. The pressure after horticultural therapy was more -0.3 different than the before. Diastolic blood pressure was 74.3 before and 72.7 after. The pressure after horticultural therapy was more -1.6 different than the before. The result of hypertension people in the group of lemon treatment was that Diastolic blood pressure was 134 as average before lemon treatment and horticultural therapy and 131.3 after lemon treatment and horticultural therapy. The pressure after horticultural therapy was more -2.7 different than before. Minimum blood pressure was 72 before and 72.3 after . The pressure after horticultural therapy was more +0.3 different pressure than the before. The result of hypotension people in the group of control was that systolic blood pressure was 111.3 as average after horticultural therapy. It was not so different between before and after. Diastolic blood pressure was 64.3 after therapy. The pressure was more +1.6 different pressure than the before. In case of pulse rate, the group of control was 79 as average before horticultural therapy and 78.7 after. The pressure was more -0.3 different average than the before. In contrast, the group of lemon treatment was 73.8 before the therapy and treatment of fragrance of lemons and 77.3 after. The pressure was more +3.5 different average than the before. most patients were improved their characters after this program (except C and E) as the result of character test. Therefore, following or this result of study, horticultural program with citrus fragrance of lemons that is helpful to concentration and anti-stress is effective for geriatric diseases especially stability of emotion.