Spent coffee grounds, activated sludge, chicken manure, and agricultural waste-derived biochar were used to manufacture eco-friendly and functional compost via the bioaugmentation of white rot fungus and plant growth that promotes beneficial microorganisms. Six lab-scale composting reactors were established to perform composting. After composting was completed over 45 days, the composts were analyzed for major elements, physico-chemical characteristics, compost maturity, and compost effectiveness on crop growth and quality. Concentrations of T-N and PO4 3− significantly increased in the composts that had been amended with biochar and/or white rot fungus compared to the control, while those of NO3 −-N, TOC and TOC/T-N had significantly decreased, indicating the occurrence of effective composting. Besides, the germination indices of these composts were also generally higher than the control by 10-34%, indicating that the composts were mature. The four composts amended with biochar and/or white rot fungus (TR-3, TR- 4, TR-5, TR-6) also appeared to stimulate more growth in lettuce compared to commercial organic fertilizers (by 36- 104%). Besides, composts TR-3 and TR-4 respectively enhanced DPPH scavenging activity in lettuce leaves by 58% and 49%, while TR-4 and TR-5 respectively enhanced the total phenolic content (TPC) by 44% and 37%. This implies that the amendment of biochar and the bioaugmentation of white rot fungus could facilitate the composting process for the production of quality functional compost that is able to enhance the antioxidant content in crops. Quality composts could better compete with the commercially available fertilizers in the market, leading to the eco-friendly recycling of organic wastes such as spent coffee grounds, sludge, chicken manure, and agricultural waste.

바이오매스에서 얻어지는 바이오차는 토질 개량제와 탄소 격리제로 제한적인 분야에서 성공적으로 사용되고 있다. 현재 산업전반에서 CO2 에 의한 환경에 부정적인 영향을 완화시키고 지속가능성을 증진시키기 위한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 고탄소 바이오차를 탄소 격리제 또는 시멘트의 혼화재로써 활용 가능성을 평가하고자 하였다. 견목재에서 얻어진 바이오차를 혼화재로 사용하여 시멘트 배합조건을 달리하면서 모타르의 압축강도, 마이크로구조, 압축강도, 유동성, 중량감소와 같은 화학적, 물리적 재료성질을 평가하였다. 또한 플리이애쉬를 사용한 모르타르의 역학적 특성과 비교 평가하였다.