External gear pumps are the most widely employed source of power in hydraulic applications, allowing good performance and low manufacturing cost. Generally, pumps with involute external gears are most commonly used. The undesired large pressure overshoots or spikes could be excited by virtue of the sudden volumetric change of meshing pockets. In practice, the spikes cause the gear machines to be noisy, inefficient, and have fatigue problems. In order to improve above issues, relief grooves are adopted practically. In this paper, the meshing pressure and the effects of relief groove configurations are considered through CFD analysis.

The rheological properties of concrete vary during pumping. In this study, the tests were conducted to evaluate whether changes in rheological properties of concrete during pumping occur only by pressure, or by both pressure and shear flow. A high-strength concrete with a design strength of 50 MPa was used in the experiment. From the test results, it was confirmed that the change of rheological properties of concrete during pumping was affected by both pressure and shear flow.