In this study, a researcher transcribed Korean negation sentences presented on four episodes of the [Love of 7.7 Billion] and analyzed the discourses of foreign panel members by focusing on Korean negation sentences. The aims of this study are to (1) analyze types and accuracy of Korean negation sentences in foreign panel members’ discourse and (2) present pedagogical implications for efficient Korean education on negation sentences. This study was launched as an attempt to analyze how correctly and variously foreign panel members in the program use Korean negation sentences in their discourse. Since discourse is closely related to the ordinary life of humans, discourses which appeared on the [Love of 7.7 Billion] would be suitable data to analyze since it is a discussion-based program. Therefore, discourse is useful from a pedagogical standpoint to look into the Korean language proficiency of them. Through discourse analysis, several implications were found. (1) foreign panels tended to use short negation sentences rather than long negation sentences; (2) panels’ use of Korean negation sentences was not various; (3) panels divided Korean negation sentences into often-used negation sentences and rarely-used negation sentences; (4) the use of negative polarity was not found that much.

The purposes of this study are to understand the influence of L1 on learning Korean negation and a developmental sequence of Korean negation forms through examining English and Japanese learners of Korean. In particular, we aim to investigate whether linguistic distance between L1 and L2 affects learning Korean negation. Forty English and twenty Japanese students who were learning Korean in colleges participated in the written production test. As a control group, forty Korean native speakers took the written test. We observed that the English and the Japanese groups produced less number of long form negation sentences than the Korean adult group did. The English group showed a developmental pattern to advance from short to long forms, while the Japanese group demonstrated the opposite tendency. These results suggested that an influence of L1 negation structure on L2 learning coexisted with that of a general developmental sequence. The pedagogical implications of the findings are two-fold:1) the findings would provide practical suggestions for instructing Korean negation forms in multilingual classrooms and 2) the findings would help researchers and language teachers understand the learning patterns of Korean by L2 learners.

Sunyoung Lee. 2017. Online Processing of Dependency between an NPI and Negation in Korean. Studies in Modern Grammar 95, 19-36. The present study investigated online processing of syntactic dependency between a negative polarity item (NPI) and its negative licensor in Korean. A total of 32 adult native speakers of Korean participated in the study. The study employed a region-by-region, self-paced reading paradigm to measure online reading times. The results showed that as soon as a parser encountered an NPI in the sentence, it expected a negative element to come up at the earliest potential position. Slow reading times occurred at the first candidate site if such an expectation was not satisfied immediately. The findings of the study support the Filled Gap Effect in English (Fodor 1978; Crain and Fodor 1985; Stowe 1986; Frazier and Clifton 1989) and the Typing Mismatch Effect in Japanese (Miyamoto and Takahashi 2001, 2002); Aoshima et al. 2004; Ueno and Kluender 2010). The results suggest that the human parsers, despite the different structural properties of each language, use the similar sentence processing mechanism.

【벼리】이 연구의 목적은 L1에서 L2로 가는 과정에 있는 중급과 고급의 한국어 학습자들이 한국인들과 더 자연스러운 의사소통을 하기 위해서 부정 의문문의 간접 화행의 교육이 필요하다는 것을 보여주고 있다. 부정 의문문의 간접 화행은 그 형태와 기능이 다양한데 이것을 중급과 고급 학습자들에게 교육을 하게 되면 한국 인처럼 모국어 화자와 같은 화법을 구사할 수 있게 되는 것이다. 본고에서는 부정의문문을 단순히 ‘질문’의 의미에서 더 나아가 간접 화행을 통해 ‘명령’, ‘요청’, ‘동의요구’, ‘추측’, ‘강조’로 다섯 가지로 나누었으며 이것을 한국어 중급과 고급의 학습자들에게 설문지로 이 다섯 가지 이해도를 조사해보았다. 숙달도별로 결과 가 달랐지만 공통적으로 ‘추측’의 이해도가 떨어졌다. 그리고 기존에 나와 있는 한국어교재를 통해 한국어 교재에서는 어떻게 부정 의문문의 간접 화행을 다루고 있는지 알아보았다. 그 결과 두 교재에서만 부정 의문문의 간접 화행을 문법으로 교육하고 있었고 나머지 교재에서는 주로 예문에서 부정 의문문의 간접 화행이 쓰이고 있었다. 단순히 부정 의문문의 예만 제시할 것이 아니라 부정 의문문의 간접 화행에 대한 의미를 나타내는 교육을 해야 할 것이다. 본고에서는 의사소통 중심의 언어교육이론에 입각하여 한국어 부정 의문문의 간접 화행 교육 방안에 대해서 기술하고자 한다.

Keon Soo Lee and Seung-ju Yeo. 2000. Restructuring Infinitives in Korean. Studies in Modern Grammar 21, 21-48. This paper argues that Wurmbrand`s (1998) analysis of restructuring infinitives is on the right track. Her analysis denies the implicit assumption that all infinitives have the same syntactic structure, CP/TP. The auxiliary verb construction in Korean has an infinitival complement which behaves as if it lacks clausal nodes; they allow NP licensing and honorification both of which cannot hold if there is a clausal boundary in between. Furthermore, this transparency effect is correlated with the absence of tense morphemes and complementizer in the auxiliary verb construction. However, unlike Wurmbrand`s assumption that restructuring infinitives are bare-VP, we argue that the infinitive complement of the auxiliary verb construction in Korean is vP on the basis of case alternations and the imperfect control.